{ "pdf_info": [ { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 95, 175, 121 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 90, 179, 127 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 90, 179, 127 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 136, 505, 179 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 137, 505, 147 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 137, 262, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "本身基于 MVC 模型（架构），即 Model（模型）", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 263, 137, 270, 146 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "^ +", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 271, 137, 319, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "View（视图）", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 319, 138, 327, 146 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "^ +", "score": 0.7 }, { "bbox": [ 327, 137, 505, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "Controller（控制器）设计模式，MVC 模式使后续", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 152, 505, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 152, 505, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "对程序的修改和扩展简化，并且使程序某一部分的重复利用成为可能。但在 Django 中更常被称为 MTV（Model-", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 154, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 154, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "Template-View）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 183, 503, 292 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 183, 500, 209 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 114, 184, 500, 193 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 114, 184, 500, 193 ], "type": "text", "content": "模型（Model）：负责应用程序的数据和业务逻辑。通过将数据和逻辑从用户界面分离出来，使得模型可以独", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 116, 200, 224, 209 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 116, 200, 224, 209 ], "type": "text", "content": "立于用户界面进行测试和修改。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 225, 503, 250 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 226, 503, 235 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 228, 101, 232 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 114, 226, 503, 235 ], "type": "text", "content": "视图（View）：负责显示用户界面，但通常没有直接访问应用程序的数据。这使得可以更容易地更改应用程序", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 116, 241, 207, 250 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 116, 241, 207, 250 ], "type": "text", "content": "的外观而不影响数据处理。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 266, 500, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 113, 266, 500, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 113, 266, 500, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "控制器（Controller）：处理用户输入、更新模型和调整视图。通过将用户输入和应用程序逻辑分离，可以更", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 116, 283, 320, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 116, 283, 320, 292 ], "type": "text", "content": "容易地更改用户界面的交互方式而不影响数据和业务逻辑。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 308, 485, 319 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 308, 486, 319 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 308, 486, 319 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 提供了全栈开发所需的工具，包括数据库ORM、模板引擎、路由系统、用户认证等，大幅减少重复代码。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 334, 146, 345 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 147, 345 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 147, 345 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 的哲学:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 360, 506, 637 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 360, 432, 371 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 359, 434, 372 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 359, 434, 372 ], "type": "text", "content": "DRY（Don't Repeat Yourself）: 避免重复代码，提倡复用（如模板继承、模型继承）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 386, 400, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 386, 401, 397 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 390, 111, 393 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 386, 401, 397 ], "type": "text", "content": "约定优于配置: 默认提供合理配置（如自动生成Admin 界面），减少决策成本。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 412, 500, 439 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 412, 501, 423 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 412, 501, 423 ], "type": "text", "content": "快速开发：Django 提供了大量内置功能，如认证、管理后台、表单处理等，让开发者专注于业务逻辑，而", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 427, 170, 439 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 427, 170, 439 ], "type": "text", "content": "非底层实现。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 454, 432, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 454, 434, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 458, 111, 460 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 454, 434, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "自动化管理后台：只需简单的模型定义，即可生成强大的后台管理界面，支持增删改查。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 480, 497, 506 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 479, 498, 492 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 483, 111, 486 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 479, 498, 492 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 数据库映射：Django 内置 ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)，可以让开发者使用 Python 类与", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 495, 227, 508 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 495, 227, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据库交互，无需编写 SQL。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 522, 374, 532 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 522, 376, 533 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 525, 111, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 522, 376, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": "强大的 URL 路由：使用正则表达式灵活定义 URL，轻松实现页面路由。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 548, 419, 558 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 548, 420, 559 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 548, 420, 559 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板引擎：内置强大的模板系统，支持逻辑判断、循环处理，方便渲染 HTML 页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 574, 351, 584 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 575, 352, 585 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 577, 111, 580 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 575, 352, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "国际化支持：Django 支持多语言国际化，非常适合全球化应用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 600, 409, 610 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 600, 410, 611 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 604, 111, 607 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 600, 410, 611 ], "type": "text", "content": "高安全性：内置多种安全保护措施，如防止 SQL 注入、XSS 攻击、CSRF 攻击等。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 626, 506, 637 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 624, 507, 638 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 624, 507, 638 ], "type": "text", "content": " 丰富的社区与扩展：大量开源的第三方库，如 Django REST framework、Django CMS 等，快速扩展功能。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 89, 649, 254, 743 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 649, 254, 743 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 649, 254, 743 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 649, 254, 743 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "f4487cc28d0ed6be5aa3b6d12a641d265ce457c6192d9a6a0c73c17c74dfe081.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 19, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 19 } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 0 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 163, 130 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 109, 164, 132 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 109, 164, 132 ], "type": "text", "content": "内置功能", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 88, 137, 594, 400 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 594, 400 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 594, 400 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 594, 400 ], "type": "table", "html": "
功能说明
Admin后台自动生成管理界面，无需手动编写CRUD逻辑。
ORM用Python类操作数据库，无需写SQL。
表单处理内置表单验证，防止CSRF攻击。
用户认证提供登录、注册、权限管理（django.contrib.auth）。
路由系统URL映射灵活，支持正则表达式。
缓存机制支持Memcached、Redis等后端。
", "image_path": "5d60b0537c37007c990ae2b61e846c3457cfbc1fa80f09239c115f6a3a8da393.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 1, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 1 }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 88, 426, 426, 597 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 426, 426, 597 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 426, 426, 597 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 426, 426, 597 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "9e8b7b91d694be7a68319af4130f4b3e88f070e1faac0f9b9d52e5a8c0d292a6.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 2 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 614, 349, 635 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 612, 351, 637 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 612, 351, 637 ], "type": "text", "content": "MVC (Model-View-Controller)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 645, 453, 708 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 645, 359, 655 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 645, 361, 655 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 648, 111, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 645, 361, 655 ], "type": "text", "content": "Model (模型)：处理与数据库的交互，定义数据的结构和业务逻辑。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 671, 332, 681 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 670, 333, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 670, 333, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "View (视图)：负责数据展示，生成用户看到的HTML 页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 697, 453, 708 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 121, 697, 454, 708 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 121, 697, 454, 708 ], "type": "text", "content": "Controller (控制器)：接收用户请求，调用Model 处理数据，并将结果传递给View 渲染页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 723, 110, 733 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 721, 111, 735 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 721, 111, 735 ], "type": "text", "content": "流程：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 749, 221, 759 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 748, 223, 761 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 748, 223, 761 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 用户发送请求到 Controller。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 1 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 280, 142 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 280, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 281, 92 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 281, 92 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. Controller 处理逻辑，调用 Model 获取数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 233, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 235, 117 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 235, 117 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. Controller 将数据传递给 View。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 132, 254, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 131, 255, 143 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 131, 255, 143 ], "type": "text", "content": "4. View 渲染并返回 HTML 页面给用户。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 161, 492, 213 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 159, 494, 186 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 159, 494, 186 ], "type": "text", "content": "MVT (Model-Template-View) —— Django 的实", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 85, 190, 148, 216 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 190, 148, 216 ], "type": "text", "content": "现方式", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 222, 314, 234 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 222, 315, 234 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 222, 315, 234 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 中采用了MVT 设计模式，类似于MVC，但有一些区别：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 249, 451, 312 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 249, 367, 259 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 249, 368, 260 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 253, 111, 255 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 249, 368, 260 ], "type": "text", "content": "Model (模型)：与数据库交互，处理数据的创建、读取、更新、删除。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 275, 333, 285 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 275, 334, 286 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 275, 334, 286 ], "type": "text", "content": "Template (模板)：负责页面渲染，生成最终的HTML 内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 301, 451, 312 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 301, 452, 312 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 305, 111, 307 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 301, 452, 312 ], "type": "text", "content": "View (视图)：Django 的View 更偏向于控制器的角色，接收请求并决定使用哪个模板和数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 327, 110, 338 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 326, 111, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 326, 111, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "流程：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 359, 470, 375 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 357, 473, 377 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 357, 473, 377 ], "type": "text", "content": "用户访问 URL，请求被 Django 的 urls.py 映射到相应的 View。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "url.py下 \nurlpatterns " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 387, 445, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": " [url(r'^search-form/\\$,search.search_form)，#映射到search.py中search_form视图url(r'^search/\\$,search.search)， #映射到search.py中search视图url(r'^search-post/\\$,search2.search_post),#映射到search2.py中search_post视图]" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 543, 384, 579 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 543, 384, 554 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 543, 384, 555 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 546, 111, 550 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.652 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 543, 384, 555 ], "type": "text", "content": "当访问 /search-form/ 时，Django 调用 search.search_form 视图函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 569, 334, 579 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 569, 334, 580 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 573, 110, 576 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 569, 334, 580 ], "type": "text", "content": "当提交表单到 /search/ 时，调用 search.search 视图函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 601, 351, 617 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 600, 352, 618 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 600, 352, 618 ], "type": "text", "content": "View 处理业务逻辑，调用Model 获取数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 629, 280, 640 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 629, 280, 640 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 629, 280, 640 ], "type": "text", "content": "(1) 渲染搜索表单（但是这里无Model交互）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 655, 343, 719 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 655, 343, 719 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 655, 343, 719 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 655, 343, 719 ], "type": "text", "content": "# search.py\ndef search_form(request):\n return render(request, 'search_form.html') # 直接渲染模板" } ] } ], "index": 18, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 18, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 733, 145, 743 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 732, 147, 745 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 736, 111, 740 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 732, 147, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "流程：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 122, 749, 291, 759 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 749, 292, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 749, 292, 760 ], "type": "text", "content": "View 只负责返回模板，未涉及Model 数据操作", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 2 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 105, 238, 117 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 105, 238, 116 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 105, 238, 116 ], "type": "text", "content": "(2) 处理搜索请求（带参数校验）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_caption" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search(request): request_encoding " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": " 'utf-8' if " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\mathrm{q}^{\\prime}" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": " in request.GET and request.GET['q']: #业务逻辑判断 message " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": " '你搜索的内容为:' " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "^+" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.GET['q'] else: message " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 131, 352, 301 ], "type": "text", "content": " '你提交了空表单' return HttpResponse(message)#直接返回响应（未用模板）" } ] } ], "index": 1, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 1, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 128, 316, 227, 327 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 130, 317, 226, 327 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 130, 317, 226, 327 ], "type": "text", "content": "（3）# 接收POST请求数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "code_caption" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search_post(request): \nctx " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "= \\{\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": " \nif request.POST: \nctx['rlt'] " }, { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 342, 271, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.POST['q'] \nreturn render(request, \"post.html\", ctx)" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 504, 280, 522 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 501, 282, 524 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 501, 282, 524 ], "type": "text", "content": "View 将数据传递给 Template。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 558, 274, 569 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 558, 274, 569 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 558, 274, 569 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 558, 274, 569 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, 'search_form.html')" } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" }, { "bbox": [ 123, 584, 409, 596 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 584, 410, 596 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 584, 410, 596 ], "type": "text", "content": "在这个例子中，search_form 只是用来展示HTML 表单页面，没有动态数据传入。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 610, 389, 621 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 611, 389, 621 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 611, 389, 621 ], "type": "text", "content": "虽然这里没有传递变量，但你可以通过 render 的第三个参数传数据给模板：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 636, 323, 647 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 636, 323, 647 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 636, 323, 647 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 636, 323, 647 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, 'search_form.html', {'key': value})" } ] } ], "index": 8, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 8, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" }, { "bbox": [ 124, 664, 279, 676 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 663, 279, 676 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 663, 279, 676 ], "type": "text", "content": "第二个没有传输数据因为根本没有template", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 692, 166, 703 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 692, 167, 703 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 692, 167, 703 ], "type": "text", "content": "第三个例子", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 719, 261, 729 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 719, 261, 729 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 719, 261, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 719, 261, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, \"post.html\", ctx)" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 3 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 268, 116 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 268, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 268, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 79, 268, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. Template 渲染 HTML，最终返回给用户。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 229, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 106, 230, 116 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 110, 111, 112 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 106, 230, 116 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板文件: search_form.html", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 105, 211, 135, 220 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 135, 220 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 135, 220 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 135, 220 ], "type": "text", "content": "" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 245, 298, 262 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 243, 301, 263 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 243, 301, 263 ], "type": "text", "content": "Tip：HTML
action 属性", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 105, 296, 246, 306 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 296, 246, 306 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 296, 246, 306 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 296, 246, 306 ], "type": "text", "content": "" } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "twig" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 110, 323, 216, 333 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 323, 216, 333 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 323, 216, 333 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 323, 216, 333 ], "type": "text", "content": "" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "twig" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 110, 349, 238, 359 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 349, 238, 359 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 349, 238, 359 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 349, 238, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": "" } ] } ], "index": 7, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 7, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 105, 375, 135, 384 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 375, 135, 384 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 375, 135, 384 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 375, 135, 384 ], "type": "text", "content": "
" } ] } ], "index": 8, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 8, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 401, 166, 412 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 401, 167, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 401, 167, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "(1)
标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 428, 192, 436 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 428, 193, 437 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 430, 111, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 428, 193, 437 ], "type": "text", "content": "action=\"/search/\"", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 454, 443, 515 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 454, 254, 463 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 453, 254, 464 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 453, 254, 464 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 表单提交的目标URL地址", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 479, 443, 490 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 479, 443, 490 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 479, 443, 490 ], "type": "text", "content": "o /search/ 表示提交到当前网站的搜索端点（例如 https://example.com/search/）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 505, 356, 515 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 505, 356, 516 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 505, 356, 516 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 尾部斜杠/ 表示这是一个目录路径（符合RESTful风格）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 532, 179, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 531, 180, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 534, 111, 538 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.658 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 531, 180, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "method=\"get\"", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 558, 343, 619 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 558, 268, 567 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 557, 269, 568 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 557, 269, 568 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 使用 HTTP GET 方法提交数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 583, 343, 593 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 582, 343, 595 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 582, 343, 595 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 表单数据会附加在URL后（如 /search/?q=关键词）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 609, 317, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 609, 317, 620 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 609, 317, 620 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 适合不修改服务器状态的查询操作（如搜索）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 635, 147, 645 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 635, 147, 646 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 635, 147, 646 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 实际工作流程", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 662, 158, 672 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 661, 159, 673 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 661, 159, 673 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 用户交互", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 687, 282, 724 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 687, 282, 698 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 687, 283, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 687, 283, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 在文本框中输入内容（如\"无人机\"）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 714, 215, 724 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 713, 217, 724 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 713, 217, 724 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 点击\"搜索\"按钮", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 740, 166, 750 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 740, 167, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 740, 167, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 浏览器行为", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 4 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 79, 289, 116 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 79, 289, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 79, 289, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 79, 289, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 自动组装 URL：/search/?q=无人机", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 105, 287, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 105, 289, 116 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 105, 289, 116 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 发起GET请求（HTTP头部示例）：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 132, 211, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 132, 211, 143 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 132, 211, 143 ], "type": "text", "content": "GET /search/?q=无人机 HTTP/1.1", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 158, 158, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 160, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 160, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "Host: example.com", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 184, 166, 194 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 184, 167, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 184, 167, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 服务器处理", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 210, 308, 220 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 210, 309, 221 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 210, 309, 221 ], "type": "text", "content": "o Django路由将请求交给对应的View处理：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 237, 121, 247 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 234, 123, 249 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 234, 123, 249 ], "type": "text", "content": "# urls.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 262, 190, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 262, 192, 273 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 262, 192, 273 ], "type": "text", "content": "path('search/', views.search)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 289, 128, 298 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 287, 129, 300 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 287, 129, 300 ], "type": "text", "content": "# views.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 161, 324 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 162, 326 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 162, 326 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 341, 269, 351 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 341, 270, 352 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 341, 119, 352 ], "type": "text", "content": "query", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 119, 343, 126, 349 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 127, 341, 270, 352 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.GET.get('q') # 获取参数\"q\"的值", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 367, 251, 378 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 365, 252, 379 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 365, 252, 379 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(f\"搜索内容：{query}\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 450, 148, 466 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 449, 151, 469 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 449, 151, 469 ], "type": "text", "content": "渲染过程:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 479, 380, 540 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 479, 380, 489 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 478, 381, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 478, 381, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. search_form 视图调用 render(request, 'search_form.html')", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 505, 346, 515 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 504, 348, 517 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 504, 348, 517 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. Django 模板引擎找到 templates/search_form.html", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 530, 267, 540 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 140, 530, 268, 541 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 140, 530, 268, 541 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 生成纯静态HTML 返回给用户", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 556, 287, 567 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 556, 287, 568 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 556, 287, 568 ], "type": "text", "content": "第二个方式没有模板渲染，直接返回httpresponse响应。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 584, 166, 595 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 584, 167, 596 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 584, 167, 596 ], "type": "text", "content": "第三个例子", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 610, 286, 621 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 611, 286, 621 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 611, 286, 621 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 132, 636, 196, 647 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 132, 635, 198, 648 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 132, 635, 198, 648 ], "type": "text", "content": "{% csrf_token %}", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 132, 663, 240, 673 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 133, 662, 239, 674 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 133, 662, 239, 674 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 132, 689, 260, 699 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 133, 689, 261, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 133, 689, 173, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 715, 154, 724 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 714, 155, 725 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 714, 155, 725 ], "type": "text", "content": "
", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 5 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 123, 80, 178, 90 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 80, 178, 90 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 80, 178, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 80, 178, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "

\\{rtt}>

" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 371, 117 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 105, 372, 119 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 105, 126, 119 ], "type": "text", "content": "项目", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 106, 217, 118 ], "type": "text", "content": "GET 示例", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 330, 106, 372, 118 ], "type": "text", "content": "POST 示例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 134, 407, 146 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 132, 408, 147 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 133, 143, 146 ], "type": "text", "content": "URL 个数", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 132, 305, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "2 个 (/search-form/ 和 /search/)", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 330, 132, 408, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "1 个 (/search-post/)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 162, 393, 173 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 161, 394, 174 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 161, 142, 174 ], "type": "text", "content": "表单方法", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 161, 239, 174 ], "type": "text", "content": "method=\"get\"", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 329, 161, 394, 173 ], "type": "text", "content": "method=\"post\"", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 190, 372, 200 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 188, 373, 201 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 190, 157, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据传输方式", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 188, 263, 201 ], "type": "text", "content": "通过 URL 参数 (?q=...)", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 329, 189, 373, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "通过请求体", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 216, 420, 228 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 216, 420, 228 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 216, 133, 228 ], "type": "text", "content": "安全性", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 216, 274, 227 ], "type": "text", "content": "较低，数据暴露在 URL 中", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 330, 216, 420, 227 ], "type": "text", "content": "更安全，数据在请求体中", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 244, 357, 255 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 243, 357, 257 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 243, 155, 255 ], "type": "text", "content": "CSRF Token", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 243, 208, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "不需要", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 329, 243, 357, 256 ], "type": "text", "content": "必须要", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 272, 348, 282 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 269, 349, 284 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 272, 162, 283 ], "type": "text", "content": "View 函数数量", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 270, 198, 284 ], "type": "text", "content": "2 个", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 329, 269, 349, 284 ], "type": "text", "content": "1 个", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 300, 364, 311 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 299, 365, 312 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 300, 149, 311 ], "type": "text", "content": "显示与处理", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 300, 215, 312 ], "type": "text", "content": "分开处理", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 329, 299, 365, 312 ], "type": "text", "content": "合并处理", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 327, 166, 337 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 326, 167, 338 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 326, 167, 338 ], "type": "text", "content": "(1) 您的两个视图函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 353, 205, 363 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 353, 205, 364 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 353, 205, 364 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 显示视图 （表面看只负责显示）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 379, 182, 389 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 377, 183, 390 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 377, 183, 390 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search_form(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 405, 335, 416 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 405, 336, 416 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 405, 336, 416 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, 'search_form.html') # 但本质上仍是View 层", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 431, 205, 441 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 431, 205, 442 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 431, 205, 442 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 处理视图 （表面看只负责处理）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 457, 161, 467 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 456, 162, 468 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 456, 162, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 483, 295, 493 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 483, 295, 494 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 483, 131, 494 ], "type": "text", "content": "message", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 132, 486, 139, 491 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 139, 483, 295, 494 ], "type": "text", "content": "process_request(request.GET) # 处理逻辑", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 509, 255, 520 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 509, 255, 520 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 509, 255, 520 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(message) # 响应生成", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 535, 109, 544 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 534, 111, 548 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 534, 111, 548 ], "type": "text", "content": "本质：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 550, 500, 561 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 500, 561 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 500, 561 ], "type": "text", "content": "这两个函数都属于View 层，只是内部逻辑侧重不同。Django 的View 是统一的请求处理器，不强制分离显示与处理。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 576, 181, 587 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 577, 182, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 577, 182, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "(2) 为什么不是两个MVT？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 602, 377, 666 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 602, 348, 613 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 602, 349, 613 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 607, 111, 609 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 602, 349, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "Model：两个视图可能共享同一个Model（如都查询Article 表）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 629, 377, 640 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 628, 378, 640 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 628, 378, 640 ], "type": "text", "content": "Template：search_form 使用模板，search 直接返回响应（动态选择）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 655, 281, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 655, 282, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 655, 282, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "View：都是接收request 并返回响应的函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 690, 255, 715 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 259, 720 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 259, 720 ], "type": "text", "content": "创建第一个项目", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 730, 246, 741 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 246, 742 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 246, 742 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用 django-admin 来创建 HelloWorld 项目：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 6 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 79, 254, 90 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 254, 90 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 254, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 254, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin startproject HelloWorld" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 104, 149, 114 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 104, 149, 114 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 104, 149, 114 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 104, 149, 114 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ cd HelloWorld/" } ] } ], "index": 1, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 1, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 131, 110, 140 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 131, 110, 140 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 131, 110, 140 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 131, 110, 140 ], "type": "text", "content": "$tree" } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 2, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 157, 218, 167 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 218, 167 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 218, 167 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 218, 167 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/ #项目根目录" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 89, 182, 239, 193 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 182, 239, 193 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 182, 239, 193 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 182, 239, 193 ], "type": "text", "content": "manage.py #项目管理脚本" } ] } ], "index": 4, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 4, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 89, 208, 250, 219 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 208, 250, 219 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 208, 250, 219 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 208, 250, 219 ], "type": "text", "content": "dbsqlite3 #SQLite数据库文件" } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 89, 234, 262, 246 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 234, 262, 246 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 234, 262, 246 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 234, 262, 246 ], "type": "text", "content": "—— Pycache_// #Python字节码缓存" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 89, 260, 287, 271 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 260, 287, 271 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 260, 287, 271 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 260, 287, 271 ], "type": "text", "content": "—HelloWorld/#项目配置目录（与项目同名）" } ] } ], "index": 7, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 7, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 286, 226, 298 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 286, 226, 298 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 286, 226, 298 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 286, 226, 298 ], "type": "text", "content": "init.py #包标识文件" } ] } ], "index": 8, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 8, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 312, 217, 323 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 312, 217, 323 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 312, 217, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 312, 217, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "—settings.py #项目设置" } ] } ], "index": 9, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 9, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 338, 217, 349 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 338, 217, 349 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 338, 217, 349 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 338, 217, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "├—urls.py #主路由配置" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 364, 216, 376 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 364, 216, 376 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 364, 216, 376 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 364, 216, 376 ], "type": "text", "content": "— asgi.py #ASGI 配置" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 391, 220, 402 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 220, 402 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 220, 402 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 220, 402 ], "type": "text", "content": "—wsgi.py #WSGI配置" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 151, 439 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 153, 440 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 153, 440 ], "type": "text", "content": "目录说明：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 453, 186, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 452, 186, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 452, 186, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "项目根目录 (HelloWorld/)：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 88, 469, 594, 576 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 594, 576 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 594, 576 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 594, 576 ], "type": "table", "html": "
文件/目录作用
manage.pyDjango命令行工具入口，可让你以各种方式与该Django项目进行交互。用于运行开发服务器、数据库迁移等操作。
db.sql3SQLite 数据库文件（默认数据库，开发环境使用）。
__pycache__IPython字节码缓存目录（自动生成，无需手动修改）。
", "image_path": "c43fbf5546482fbe70641375fef390807849c110805286d7c5ea772917c5c607.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 15 }, { "bbox": [ 79, 597, 383, 686 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 597, 190, 607 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 596, 192, 608 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 600, 85, 603 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 98, 596, 192, 608 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld: 项目的容器。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 622, 371, 634 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 621, 373, 634 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 626, 85, 629 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 97, 621, 373, 634 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/__init__.py: 一个空文件，告诉 Python 该目录是一个 Python 包。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 649, 383, 660 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 649, 385, 660 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 649, 385, 660 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/asgi.py: 一个 ASGI 兼容的 Web 服务器的入口，以便运行你的项目。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 675, 290, 686 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 675, 292, 686 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 675, 292, 686 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/settings.py: 该 Django 项目的设置/配置。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 109, 708, 116, 714 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [] }, { "bbox": [ 127, 722, 205, 733 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 722, 205, 734 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 722, 205, 734 ], "type": "text", "content": "核心配置文件，包含：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 127, 738, 228, 749 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 736, 229, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 736, 229, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "- 数据库设置 (DATABASES)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 7 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 127, 85, 245, 128 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 127, 85, 238, 98 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 84, 238, 99 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 84, 238, 99 ], "type": "text", "content": "- 静态文件路径 (STATIC_URL)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 127, 100, 242, 112 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 100, 243, 113 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 100, 243, 113 ], "type": "text", "content": "- 应用注册 (INSTALLED_APPS)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 127, 117, 245, 128 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 116, 246, 129 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 116, 246, 129 ], "type": "text", "content": "- 调试模式 (DEBUG=True/False)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 80, 174, 396, 186 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 174, 396, 187 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 174, 396, 187 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/urls.py: 该 Django 项目的 URL 声明; 一份由 Django 驱动的网站\"目录\"。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 101, 222, 287, 233 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 101, 222, 287, 233 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 101, 222, 287, 233 ], "type": "text", "content": "主路由配置文件，定义URL 路径与视图的映射关系。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 99, 280, 459, 384 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 99, 280, 459, 384 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 99, 280, 459, 384 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 99, 280, 459, 384 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "a823f7d1709065a5407af080d7f7f97b7690b14cc995738e94875496ffb4c9e6.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 6 }, { "bbox": [ 80, 400, 388, 412 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 399, 389, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 399, 389, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/wsgi.py: 一个 WSGI 兼容的 Web 服务器的入口，以便运行你的项目。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 435, 174, 451 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 434, 176, 454 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 434, 176, 454 ], "type": "text", "content": "关键文件详解", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 487, 170, 498 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 486, 170, 499 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 486, 170, 499 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. settings.py（核心配置）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 513, 99, 523 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 513, 100, 525 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 513, 100, 525 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 539, 196, 550 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 539, 197, 550 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 539, 197, 550 ], "type": "text", "content": "# HelloWorld/settings.py 示例片段", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 571, 220, 581 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 571, 221, 581 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 571, 221, 581 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 安全警告：生产环境必须关闭DEBUG！", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 587, 128, 595 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 586, 129, 597 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 586, 105, 597 ], "type": "text", "content": "DEBUG", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 105, 587, 112, 594 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 586, 129, 597 ], "type": "text", "content": "True", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 618, 232, 628 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 618, 233, 629 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 618, 233, 629 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 允许访问的域名（DEBUG=False 时需配置）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 633, 152, 643 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 634, 154, 644 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 634, 154, 644 ], "type": "text", "content": "ALLOWED_HOSTS = []", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 664, 155, 675 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 663, 155, 677 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 663, 155, 677 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 注册的 Django 应用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 679, 148, 690 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 678, 149, 691 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 678, 149, 691 ], "type": "text", "content": "INSTALLED_APPS = [", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 695, 214, 705 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 696, 215, 706 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 696, 215, 706 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.admin', # 管理员后台", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 711, 203, 721 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 712, 204, 722 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 712, 204, 722 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.auth', # 认证系统", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 726, 187, 736 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 726, 188, 738 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 726, 188, 738 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.contenttypes',", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 742, 171, 751 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 741, 173, 753 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 741, 173, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.sessions',", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 8 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 77, 79, 268, 295 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 77, 79, 268, 295 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 77, 79, 268, 295 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 77, 79, 268, 295 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.messages', \n'django.contrib(staticfiles', #静态文件处理 \n] \n#数据库配置（默认SQLite） \nDATABASES = { \n 'default': { \n 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backendssqlite3', \n 'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3', #数据库文件路径} \n} \n#静态文件URL（CSS/JS/图片） \nSTATIC_URL = 'static/'" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 80, 308, 157, 319 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 308, 157, 320 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 308, 157, 320 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. urls.py（路由配置）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 334, 100, 345 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 334, 100, 348 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 334, 100, 348 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 360, 170, 371 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 361, 168, 371 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 361, 168, 371 ], "type": "text", "content": "# HelloWorld/urls.py 示例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 392, 195, 402 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 391, 195, 403 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 391, 195, 403 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 407, 179, 417 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 407, 178, 419 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 407, 178, 419 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.urls import path", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns " }, { "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "= [" }, { "bbox": [ 80, 439, 248, 512 ], "type": "text", "content": " path('admin／',admin.site.urls)，#后台管理路由 #可在此添加自定义路由，如： #path('blog／',include('blog URLs')) \n]" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 80, 527, 187, 538 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 527, 186, 539 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 527, 186, 539 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. manage.py（项目管理脚本）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 553, 100, 563 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 553, 100, 565 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 553, 100, 565 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 579, 156, 589 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 578, 156, 590 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 578, 156, 590 ], "type": "text", "content": "#!/usr/bin/env python", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 595, 115, 604 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 593, 116, 607 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 593, 116, 607 ], "type": "text", "content": "import os", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 610, 117, 620 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 608, 119, 622 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 608, 119, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "import sys", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 80, 641, 340, 700 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 641, 340, 700 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 641, 340, 700 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 641, 340, 700 ], "type": "text", "content": "if __name__ == \"_main_: \nos.environ.setdefault(\"DJANGO.SettingsMODULE\", \"HelloWorld.Settings\") \nfrom django.core.management import execute_from_command_line \nexecute_from_command_line(sys.argv)" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 158, 735 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 159, 738 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 159, 738 ], "type": "text", "content": "启动服务器", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 748, 295, 759 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 748, 295, 759 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 748, 295, 759 ], "type": "text", "content": "接下来我们进入 HelloWorld 目录输入以下命令，启动服务器：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 9 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 106, 418, 117 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 106, 418, 117 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 106, 396, 117 ], "type": "text", "content": "0.0.0.0 让其它电脑可连接到开发服务器，8000 为端口号。如果不说明，那么端口号默认为", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 396, 107, 418, 116 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "8 0 0 0 _ { \\circ }", "score": 0.82 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 132, 381, 143 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 131, 381, 144 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 131, 381, 144 ], "type": "text", "content": "在浏览器输入你服务器的 ip（这里我们输入本机 IP 地址： 127.0.0.1:8000） 及端口号。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 163, 273, 181 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 162, 274, 183 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 162, 274, 183 ], "type": "text", "content": "常用 django-admin 命令详解", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 191, 403, 203 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 404, 205 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 404, 205 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin 是 Django 框架提供的一个命令行工具，它是管理 Django 项目的核心工具。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 210, 431, 221 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 432, 222 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 432, 222 ], "type": "text", "content": "无论是创建新项目、运行开发服务器，还是执行数据库迁移，django-admin 都是不可或缺的工具。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 227, 267, 239 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 267, 239 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 267, 239 ], "type": "text", "content": "要查看 django-admin 提供的所有命令，可以运行：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 246, 157, 257 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 157, 257 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 157, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin help", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 175, 316 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 297, 176, 317 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 297, 176, 317 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 创建新项目", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 351, 202, 361 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 350, 202, 362 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 350, 202, 362 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin startproject 项目名称", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 376, 345, 387 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 376, 345, 388 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 376, 345, 388 ], "type": "text", "content": "这个命令会在当前目录下创建一个新的 Django 项目，包含基本的项目结构：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 403, 219, 439 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 403, 219, 413 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 403, 218, 413 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 403, 218, 413 ], "type": "text", "content": "manage.py：项目管理脚本", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 428, 210, 439 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 428, 210, 439 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 432, 111, 435 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 428, 210, 439 ], "type": "text", "content": "项目名称/：项目主目录", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 141, 454, 253, 543 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 454, 199, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 452, 200, 468 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 452, 200, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "o __init__.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 481, 253, 491 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 481, 253, 492 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 481, 253, 492 ], "type": "text", "content": "o settings.py：项目设置文件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 507, 239, 517 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 506, 239, 518 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 506, 239, 518 ], "type": "text", "content": "o urls.py：URL 路由配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 533, 246, 543 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 533, 246, 544 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 533, 246, 544 ], "type": "text", "content": "o wsgi.py：WSGI 应用入口", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 568, 176, 584 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 567, 176, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 567, 176, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 创建新应用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 619, 315, 630 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 619, 317, 632 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 619, 317, 632 ], "type": "text", "content": "虽然通常使用 manage.py 来创建应用，但也可以通过 django-admin：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 646, 190, 656 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 645, 191, 657 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 645, 191, 657 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin startapp 应用名称", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 672, 217, 682 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 671, 217, 683 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 671, 217, 683 ], "type": "text", "content": "这会创建一个新的 Django 应用，包含：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 698, 243, 761 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 698, 243, 708 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 698, 244, 709 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 698, 244, 709 ], "type": "text", "content": "migrations/：数据库迁移文件目录", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 724, 163, 735 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 724, 164, 736 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 724, 164, 736 ], "type": "text", "content": "__init__.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 751, 212, 761 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 751, 213, 761 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 751, 213, 761 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.py：管理后台配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 80, 224, 90 ], "type": "header", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 80, 224, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 80, 224, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 10 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 214, 168 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 191, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 80, 192, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 80, 192, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "apps.py：应用配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 106, 214, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 106, 215, 116 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 106, 215, 116 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.py：数据模型定义", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 132, 190, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 122, 132, 192, 143 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 122, 132, 192, 143 ], "type": "text", "content": "tests.py：测试代码", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 158, 193, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 158, 195, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 162, 111, 164 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 158, 195, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "views.py：视图函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 185, 142, 193 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 183, 145, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 183, 145, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 223, 220 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 211, 224, 221 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 211, 224, 221 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义数据模型，与数据库表对应：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 106, 237, 124, 246 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 236, 126, 248 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 236, 126, 248 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 263, 208, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 263, 209, 274 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 263, 209, 274 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": "class Product/models.Model): name " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.CharField(max_length " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\coloneqq" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " 100) price " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " modelsDecimalField(maxDigits " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\coloneqq" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " 10,decimal_places " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\coloneqq" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " 2) description " }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 294, 320, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.TextField()" } ] } ], "index": 9, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 9, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 113, 371, 171, 381 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 113, 371, 172, 381 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 113, 371, 172, 381 ], "type": "text", "content": "def __str__(self):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 120, 388, 176, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 120, 387, 177, 397 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 120, 387, 177, 397 ], "type": "text", "content": "return self.name", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 414, 137, 423 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 412, 139, 425 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 412, 139, 425 ], "type": "text", "content": "views.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 439, 199, 449 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 440, 200, 450 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 440, 200, 450 ], "type": "text", "content": "处理业务逻辑，返回响应：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 106, 465, 124, 475 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 465, 126, 478 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 465, 126, 478 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 491, 228, 501 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 491, 229, 502 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 491, 229, 502 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 507, 204, 516 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 507, 204, 518 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 507, 204, 518 ], "type": "text", "content": "from .models import Product", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 105, 539, 351, 579 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 539, 351, 579 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 539, 351, 579 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 539, 351, 579 ], "type": "text", "content": "def product_list(request):\n products = Product.objects.all()\n return render(request, 'myapp/product_list.html', {'products': products})" } ] } ], "index": 17, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 17, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 596, 139, 605 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 594, 141, 608 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 594, 141, 608 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 622, 185, 632 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 622, 187, 633 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 622, 187, 633 ], "type": "text", "content": "配置 Django 管理后台：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 106, 648, 124, 657 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 647, 126, 660 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 647, 126, 660 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 673, 220, 683 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 673, 220, 684 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 673, 220, 684 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 690, 204, 698 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 689, 204, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 689, 204, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": "from .models import Product", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 106, 720, 192, 729 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 719, 193, 731 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 719, 193, 731 ], "type": "text", "content": "@admin.register(Product)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 11 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 157, 190, 173 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 156, 190, 174 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 156, 190, 174 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 检查项目配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 208, 149, 218 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 208, 149, 219 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 208, 149, 219 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin check", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 234, 280, 245 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 234, 281, 245 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 234, 281, 245 ], "type": "text", "content": "这个命令会检查你的 Django 项目是否有配置错误，包括：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 260, 190, 349 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 260, 190, 270 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 260, 190, 271 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 264, 111, 267 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.577 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 260, 190, 271 ], "type": "text", "content": "模型定义是否正确", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 287, 189, 296 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 287, 189, 297 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 290, 111, 293 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 287, 189, 297 ], "type": "text", "content": "URL 配置是否有效", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 312, 190, 322 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 312, 190, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 316, 111, 319 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 312, 190, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板设置是否正确", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 338, 182, 349 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 339, 182, 349 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 125, 339, 182, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "静态文件配置等", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 374, 176, 390 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 372, 177, 392 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 372, 177, 392 ], "type": "text", "content": "4. 数据库迁移", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 425, 238, 435 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 425, 240, 436 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 425, 240, 436 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 使用迁移系统来管理数据库模式变更：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 452, 239, 461 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 451, 239, 463 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 451, 239, 463 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin makemigrations # 创建迁移文件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 478, 239, 487 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 477, 239, 488 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 477, 239, 488 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin migrate # 应用迁移到数据库", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 512, 189, 528 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 511, 190, 529 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 511, 190, 529 ], "type": "text", "content": "5. 创建超级用户", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 565, 182, 573 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 564, 183, 575 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 564, 183, 575 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin createsuperuser", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 79, 590, 312, 601 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 590, 312, 602 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 590, 312, 602 ], "type": "text", "content": "这个命令会引导你创建一个可以访问 Django 管理后台的超级用户。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 625, 200, 641 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 201, 643 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 201, 643 ], "type": "text", "content": "6.启动开发服务器", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 677, 163, 687 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 677, 164, 687 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 677, 164, 687 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin runserver", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 703, 117, 713 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 702, 118, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 702, 118, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "基本语法:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 729, 207, 740 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 729, 208, 740 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 729, 208, 740 ], "type": "text", "content": "python manage.py runserver [IP:端口]", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 244, 90 ], "type": "header", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 80, 244, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 80, 244, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "class ProductAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 113, 95, 209, 105 ], "type": "header", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 114, 96, 209, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 114, 96, 151, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "list_display", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 151, 97, 157, 104 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.7 }, { "bbox": [ 158, 96, 209, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "('name', 'price')", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 12 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 85, 284, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 286, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 286, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "扩展目录（非自动生成，但常用）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 114, 123, 122 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 114, 123, 123 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 114, 123, 123 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 139, 244, 280 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 139, 244, 151 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 137, 245, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 137, 119, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── apps/", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 141, 140, 245, 150 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 推荐：存放所有自定义应用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 165, 179, 176 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 163, 180, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 163, 126, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ └── blog/", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 138, 165, 180, 178 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 示例应用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 190, 230, 202 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 190, 230, 205 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 190, 120, 205 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── static/", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 138, 191, 230, 203 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 静态文件（CSS/JS/图片）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 217, 199, 228 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 216, 201, 231 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 216, 123, 231 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── media/", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 143, 217, 201, 229 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 用户上传文件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 243, 205, 254 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 243, 205, 256 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 243, 135, 256 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── templates/", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 147, 243, 205, 255 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 全局模板目录", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 270, 212, 280 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 83, 270, 213, 281 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 83, 270, 213, 281 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── requirements.txt # 项目依赖列表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 305, 251, 322 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 305, 254, 322 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 305, 254, 322 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. apps/ 目录（推荐结构）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 356, 230, 367 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 357, 230, 367 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 357, 230, 367 ], "type": "text", "content": "将应用集中管理，避免散落在项目根目录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 382, 207, 393 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 382, 208, 394 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 382, 208, 394 ], "type": "text", "content": "需在 settings.py 中配置 Python 路径：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 409, 116, 418 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 407, 119, 421 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 407, 119, 421 ], "type": "text", "content": "import sys", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 434, 239, 444 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 434, 241, 446 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 434, 241, 446 ], "type": "text", "content": "sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 470, 232, 486 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 232, 488 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 232, 488 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 静态文件与媒体文件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 521, 459, 659 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 521, 341, 532 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 521, 342, 533 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 521, 342, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": "static/：存放 CSS、JavaScript、图片等，通过 STATIC_URL 访问。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 547, 459, 558 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 122, 548, 461, 559 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 122, 548, 461, 559 ], "type": "text", "content": "media/：用户上传的文件（如头像），通过 MEDIA_URL 访问。需配置服务器在开发时提供访问：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 573, 205, 583 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 574, 205, 584 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 577, 111, 580 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.673 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 574, 205, 584 ], "type": "text", "content": "# urls.py（仅开发环境）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 600, 232, 610 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 598, 234, 612 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 598, 234, 612 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.conf import settings", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 626, 257, 636 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 625, 258, 637 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 625, 258, 637 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.conf.urls.static import static", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 651, 112, 659 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 80, 677, 348, 688 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 677, 349, 689 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 677, 118, 689 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 119, 679, 129, 687 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "+ =", "score": 0.81 }, { "bbox": [ 129, 677, 349, 689 ], "type": "text", "content": "static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 735, 238, 751 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 239, 753 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 239, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个项目可以由多个应用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 13 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 79, 152, 742 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 79, 120, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 79, 120, 91 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 79, 120, 91 ], "type": "text", "content": "myproject/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 105, 86, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 131, 133, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 129, 135, 145 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 129, 135, 145 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── manage.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 157, 152, 169 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 157, 153, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 157, 153, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── requirements.txt", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 183, 118, 194 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 182, 120, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 182, 120, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── static/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 210, 120, 220 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 207, 122, 222 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 207, 122, 222 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ ── css/ ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 235, 115, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 232, 117, 249 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 232, 117, 249 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ ── js/ ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 262, 132, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 260, 133, 275 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 79, 260, 133, 275 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ └── images/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 288, 121, 298 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 286, 123, 300 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 286, 123, 300 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── media/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 313, 132, 324 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 312, 134, 327 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 312, 134, 327 ], "type": "text", "content": "├── templates/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 340, 138, 350 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 339, 139, 352 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 339, 139, 352 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ └── base.html", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 366, 132, 377 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 364, 134, 379 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 364, 134, 379 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── myproject/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 391, 141, 403 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 389, 142, 406 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 389, 142, 406 ], "type": "text", "content": "── __init__.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 417, 139, 429 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 416, 142, 432 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 416, 142, 432 ], "type": "text", "content": "── settings.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 444, 126, 454 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 441, 129, 459 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 441, 129, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": "── urls.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 129, 481 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 468, 130, 484 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 468, 130, 484 ], "type": "text", "content": "── wsgi.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 497, 126, 507 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 495, 128, 509 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 495, 128, 509 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── asgi.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 81, 523, 126, 533 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 521, 127, 535 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 521, 127, 535 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── myapp1/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 549, 142, 559 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 548, 143, 560 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 548, 143, 560 ], "type": "text", "content": "── migrations/├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 575, 139, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 141, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 141, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "── templates/ ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 601, 142, 611 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 598, 143, 613 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 598, 143, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "│ └── myapp1/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 627, 141, 638 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 142, 640 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 142, 640 ], "type": "text", "content": "── __init__.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 653, 135, 664 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 650, 137, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 650, 137, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "── admin.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 678, 129, 689 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 677, 132, 692 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 677, 132, 692 ], "type": "text", "content": "── apps.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 704, 138, 715 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 140, 718 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 140, 718 ], "type": "text", "content": "── models.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 731, 129, 742 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 132, 745 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 132, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "── tests.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 14 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 132, 116 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 127, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 76, 129, 94 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 76, 129, 94 ], "type": "text", "content": "── urls.py ├", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 106, 132, 116 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 105, 132, 117 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 105, 132, 117 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── views.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 81, 132, 126, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 130, 127, 144 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 82, 130, 127, 144 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── myapp2/", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 148, 169 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 149, 170 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 149, 170 ], "type": "text", "content": "└── ... (类似结构)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 122, 194 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 123, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 123, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "实践建议", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 210, 368, 325 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 210, 310, 221 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 310, 222 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 211, 310, 222 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 项目与应用分离：保持每个应用的独立性，便于复用", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 236, 323, 247 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 236, 324, 248 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 236, 324, 248 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 环境配置：使用不同的 settings 文件区分开发和生产环境", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 262, 368, 273 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 262, 370, 275 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 262, 370, 275 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 静态文件管理：开发时使用 STATICFILES_DIRS，生产时使用 collectstatic", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 289, 315, 299 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 288, 316, 300 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 288, 316, 300 ], "type": "text", "content": "4. URL 设计：在应用级别定义 URL，然后在项目级别包含", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 314, 278, 325 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 315, 279, 326 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 315, 279, 326 ], "type": "text", "content": "5. 模板组织：为每个应用创建子目录存放模板", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 340, 181, 352 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 341, 181, 352 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 341, 181, 352 ], "type": "text", "content": "生产环境vs 开发环境差异", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 88, 364, 594, 553 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 594, 553 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 594, 553 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 594, 553 ], "type": "table", "html": "
文件/配置开发环境生产环境
DEBUGTrue（显示错误详情）False（隐藏错误，记录到日志）
数据库SQLite（默认）PostgreSQL/MySQL（性能优化）
静态文件runserver 自动服务使用 collectstatic 收集到 CDN
ALLOWED_HOSTS空列表或 ['localhost']必须配置域名（如 ['example.com'])
", "image_path": "d1a1f6ba9036662acf8c0bf0be0cbc4df02f97c028a0669d048704990c5b36eb.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 13, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 13 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 585, 184, 608 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 581, 188, 611 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 581, 188, 611 ], "type": "text", "content": "path() 函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 613, 456, 625 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 459, 627 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 459, 627 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django path() 可以接收四个参数，分别是两个必选参数：route、view 和两个可选参数：kwargs、name。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 121, 640 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 630, 121, 640 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 630, 121, 640 ], "type": "text", "content": "语法格式：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 654, 274, 664 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 652, 275, 665 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 652, 275, 665 ], "type": "text", "content": "path(route, view, kwargs=None, name=None)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 678, 504, 704 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 679, 505, 689 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 679, 505, 689 ], "type": "text", "content": "route：字符串，定义URL 的路径部分。可以包含变量，例如，以从URL 中捕获参数并将其传递给", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 694, 126, 705 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 694, 126, 705 ], "type": "text", "content": "视图函数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 709, 392, 720 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 709, 393, 721 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 709, 393, 721 ], "type": "text", "content": "view：视图函数，处理与给定路由匹配的请求。可以是一个函数或一个基于类的视图。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 725, 338, 736 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 725, 339, 736 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 725, 339, 736 ], "type": "text", "content": "kwargs（可选）：一个字典，包含传递给视图函数的额外关键字参数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 15 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 79, 505, 106 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 80, 505, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 80, 505, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "name（可选）：为URL 路由指定一个唯一的名称，以便在代码的其他地方引用它。这对于在模板中生成URL 或在代", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 206, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 206, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "码中进行重定向等操作非常有用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 326, 122 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 326, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 326, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "这样我们就完成了使用模板来输出数据，从而实现数据与视图分离。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 126, 255, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 253, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 253, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "接下来我们将具体介绍模板中常用的语法规则。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 163, 196, 187 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 162, 197, 188 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 162, 197, 188 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 模板", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 194, 500, 221 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 194, 499, 205 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 194, 499, 205 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 的模板系统（Template System）是用于将业务逻辑（Python）与展示层（HTML）分离的核心组件，它允许", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 272, 221 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 272, 221 ], "type": "text", "content": "开发者通过简单的标签和变量动态生成 HTML 页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 227, 502, 254 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 502, 240 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 502, 240 ], "type": "text", "content": "在上一章节中我们使用 django.http.HttpResponse() 来输出 \"Hello World！\"，该方式将数据与视图混合在一起，不", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 185, 255 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 185, 255 ], "type": "text", "content": "符合 Django 的 MVT 思想。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 260, 451, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 262, 451, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 262, 451, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "本章节我们将为大家详细介绍Django 模板的应用，模板是一个文本，用于分离文档的表现形式和内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 88, 277, 595, 439 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 595, 439 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 595, 439 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 595, 439 ], "type": "table", "html": "
功能语法/示例适用场景
变量渲染{\\ variable }动态显示数据
逻辑控制{% if %}, {% for %}条件/循环渲染
模板继承{% extends %}, {% block %}避免重复 HTML 结构
静态文件{% static 'path' %}加载 CSS/JS/图片
自定义过滤器@register.filter扩展模板功能
", "image_path": "d6715d65fc28226ad77843e37b6ae208fe41f5917292f96ae26d2c7786e130c3.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 7, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 7 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 232, 511 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 235, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 235, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 模板标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 120, 539 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 520, 122, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 520, 122, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "变量", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 126, 562 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 127, 563 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 127, 563 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板语法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 246, 587 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 248, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 248, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "view：｛\"HTML 变量名\" : \"views 变量名\"｝", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 599, 164, 611 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 597, 166, 613 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 597, 166, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "HTML：｛｛变量名｝｝", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 127, 647 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 626, 129, 653 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 626, 129, 653 ], "type": "text", "content": "列表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 658, 329, 670 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 658, 329, 671 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 658, 329, 671 ], "type": "text", "content": "templates 中的 runoob.html 中，可以用 . 索引下标取出对应的元素。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 673, 281, 686 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 673, 281, 687 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 673, 281, 687 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/HelloWorld/views.py 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 692, 402, 751 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 402, 751 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 402, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 402, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render \ndef runoob(request): \n views_list = [\"菜鸟教程1\", \"菜鸟教程2\", \"菜鸟教程3\"] \n return render(request, \"runoob.html\", {\"views_list\": views_list})" } ] } ], "index": 16, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 16, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 16 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 79, 296, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 297, 91 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 297, 91 ], "type": "text", "content": "templates 中的 runoob.html 中，可以用 .键 取出对应的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 103, 134, 120 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 100, 137, 123 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 100, 137, 123 ], "type": "text", "content": "过滤器", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 132, 121, 142 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 132, 122, 142 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 132, 122, 142 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板语法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 156, 211, 167 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 156, 212, 167 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 156, 212, 167 ], "type": "text", "content": "{{ 变量名 | 过滤器：可选参数 }}", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 180, 349, 191 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 181, 349, 190 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 181, 349, 190 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板过滤器可以在变量被显示前修改它，过滤器使用管道字符，如下所示：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 196, 107, 205 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 195, 107, 206 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 195, 107, 206 ], "type": "text", "content": "safe", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 211, 213, 222 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 211, 214, 222 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 211, 214, 222 ], "type": "text", "content": "将字符串标记为安全，不需要转义。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 227, 280, 238 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 282, 239 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 227, 282, 239 ], "type": "text", "content": "要保证 views.py 传过来的数据绝对安全，才能用 safe。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 243, 233, 253 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 234, 254 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 234, 254 ], "type": "text", "content": "和后端 views.py 的 mark_safe 效果相同。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 259, 497, 269 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 258, 499, 270 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 258, 499, 270 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 会自动对 views.py 传到HTML文件中的标签语法进行转义，令其语义失效。加safe 过滤器是告诉Django 该", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 275, 301, 285 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 275, 301, 285 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 275, 301, 285 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据是安全的，不必对其进行转义，可以让该数据语义生效。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 164, 314 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 295, 167, 316 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 295, 167, 316 ], "type": "text", "content": "if/else 标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 325, 158, 336 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 327, 158, 336 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 327, 158, 336 ], "type": "text", "content": "基本语法格式如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\% \\text{if condition}\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": " display{" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 213, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": "endif}" } ] } ], "index": 13, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 13, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 399, 110, 409 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 398, 111, 411 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 398, 111, 411 ], "type": "text", "content": "或者：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": " if condition1 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": " . display 1{% elif condition2 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": " . display 2{% else " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": " display 3{%endif " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 257, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 15, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 523, 236, 533 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 523, 236, 533 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 523, 236, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": "根据条件判断是否输出。if/else 支持嵌套。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 538, 434, 550 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 538, 437, 550 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 539, 100, 549 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{ \\%", "score": 0.61 }, { "bbox": [ 100, 538, 437, 550 ], "type": "text", "content": "if %} 标签接受 and ， or 或者 not 关键字来对多个变量做判断 ，或者对变量取反（ not )，例如：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "text", "content": " if athlete_list and coach_list " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "text", "content": " athletes和coaches变量都是可用的。 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "text", "content": "endif " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 561, 310, 598 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\}" } ] } ], "index": 18, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 18, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 612, 340, 622 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 341, 622 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 341, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "遍历字典: 可以直接用字典.items 方法，用变量的解包分别获取键和值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 666, 142, 682 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 664, 145, 684 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 664, 145, 684 ], "type": "text", "content": "for 标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 694, 224, 705 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 694, 225, 706 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 696, 100, 705 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{ \\%", "score": 0.59 }, { "bbox": [ 100, 694, 111, 706 ], "type": "text", "content": "for", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 112, 695, 123, 705 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\% \\}", "score": 0.58 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 694, 225, 706 ], "type": "text", "content": "允许我们在一个序列上迭代。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 710, 498, 735 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 710, 499, 721 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 710, 499, 721 ], "type": "text", "content": "与 Python 的 for 语句的情形类似，循环语法是 for X in Y ，Y 是要迭代的序列而 X 是在每一个特定的循环中使用的变", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 120, 737 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 120, 737 ], "type": "text", "content": "量名称。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 741, 386, 752 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 741, 387, 752 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 741, 210, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "每一次循环中，模板系统会渲染在", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 210, 742, 222, 751 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "6 \\%", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 222, 741, 243, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "for", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 243, 742, 255, 751 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\% 3", "score": 0.79 }, { "bbox": [ 255, 741, 265, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "和", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 265, 742, 277, 752 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "6 \\%", "score": 0.77 }, { "bbox": [ 277, 741, 313, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "endfor", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 313, 742, 325, 751 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\% 3", "score": 0.78 }, { "bbox": [ 326, 741, 387, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "之间的所有内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 17 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 361, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 361, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 361, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "例如，给定一个运动员列表 athlete_list 变量，我们可以使用下面的代码来显示这个列表：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 139, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 140, 107 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 140, 107 ], "type": "text", "content": "{% empty %}", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 399, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 401, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 150, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "可选的 {% empty", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 150, 111, 161, 121 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\% \\}", "score": 0.51 }, { "bbox": [ 162, 110, 401, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "从句：在循环为空的时候执行（即 in 后面的参数布尔值为 False ）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 134, 148, 151 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 132, 151, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 132, 151, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "注释标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 163, 170, 174 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 161, 173, 175 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 161, 173, 175 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 注释使用 {# #}。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 186, 160, 197 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 186, 161, 198 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 186, 161, 198 ], "type": "text", "content": "{# 这是一个注释 #}", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 216, 174, 234 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 215, 176, 235 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 215, 176, 235 ], "type": "text", "content": "include 标签", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 245, 289, 256 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 289, 257 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 289, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "{% include %} 标签允许在模板中包含其它的模板的内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 261, 223, 271 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 260, 224, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 260, 224, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "下面这个例子都包含了 nav.html 模板：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 285, 198, 296 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 285, 198, 296 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 285, 198, 296 ], "type": "text", "content": "{% include \"nav.html\" %}", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 183, 333 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 312, 187, 335 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 312, 187, 335 ], "type": "text", "content": "csrf_token", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 343, 287, 353 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 343, 288, 353 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 343, 288, 353 ], "type": "text", "content": "csrf_token 用于form表单中，作用是跨站请求伪造保护。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 358, 407, 368 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 358, 408, 370 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 358, 122, 369 ], "type": "text", "content": "如果不用", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 122, 359, 134, 369 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{ \\%", "score": 0.67 }, { "bbox": [ 135, 358, 176, 369 ], "type": "text", "content": "csrf_token", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 177, 359, 189, 370 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\% \\}", "score": 0.71 }, { "bbox": [ 190, 358, 408, 369 ], "type": "text", "content": "标签，在用 form 表单时，要再次跳转页面会报403 权限错误。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 374, 324, 384 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 373, 326, 385 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 373, 326, 385 ], "type": "text", "content": "用了{% csrf_token %} 标签，在 form 表单提交数据时，才会成功。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 394, 257, 415 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 392, 258, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 392, 258, 417 ], "type": "text", "content": "自定义标签和过滤器", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 423, 423, 449 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 423, 423, 433 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 424, 435 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 424, 435 ], "type": "text", "content": "1、在应用目录下创建 templatetags 目录(与 templates 目录同级，目录名只能是 templatetags)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 439, 249, 449 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 251, 450 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 143, 450 ], "type": "text", "content": "4、利用装饰器", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 143, 439, 152, 449 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "@", "score": 0.66 }, { "bbox": [ 152, 439, 251, 450 ], "type": "text", "content": "register.filter 自定义过滤器。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 454, 221, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 222, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 222, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：装饰器的参数最多只能有 2 个。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 470, 249, 480 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 251, 481 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 251, 481 ], "type": "text", "content": "4、利用装饰器 @register.filter 自定义过滤器。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 485, 221, 495 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 222, 496 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 222, 496 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：装饰器的参数最多只能有 2 个。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 508, 260, 520 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 508, 262, 521 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 508, 262, 521 ], "type": "text", "content": "@register.filterdef my_filter(v1, v2):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 106, 534, 171, 543 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 533, 173, 544 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 533, 173, 544 ], "type": "text", "content": "return v1 * v2", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 559, 265, 570 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 559, 266, 571 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 559, 266, 571 ], "type": "text", "content": "5、利用装饰器 @register.simple_tag 自定义标签。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 201, 599 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 203, 602 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 203, 602 ], "type": "text", "content": "配置静态文件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 608, 220, 618 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 608, 221, 618 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 608, 221, 618 ], "type": "text", "content": "1、在项目根目录下创建 statics 目录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 88, 620, 217, 729 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 620, 217, 729 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 620, 217, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 620, 217, 729 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "7a0bccfdc891cb8db6929d9ee4656cf5853f50e3339e9658e86f85cd0a8ec3cd.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 26, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 26 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 733, 257, 743 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 732, 258, 744 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 732, 258, 744 ], "type": "text", "content": "2、在 settings 文件的最下方配置添加以下配置：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 18 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "type": "text", "content": "STATIC_url " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "type": "text", "content": " \"/static/'#别名 \nSTATICFILES_DIRS " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 270, 139 ], "type": "text", "content": " [os.path.join(Base_DIR，\"statics\")，]" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 153, 492, 195 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 153, 492, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 494, 165 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 494, 165 ], "type": "text", "content": "3、在 statics 目录下创建 css 目录，js 目录，images 目录，plugins 目录， 分别放 css 文件，js 文件，图片，插件。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 169, 242, 179 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 169, 243, 180 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 169, 243, 180 ], "type": "text", "content": "4、把 bootstrap 框架放入插件目录 plugins。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 185, 260, 195 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 261, 196 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 261, 196 ], "type": "text", "content": "5、在 HTML 文件的 head 标签中引入 bootstrap。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 200, 354, 211 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 199, 355, 211 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 199, 355, 211 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：此时引用路径中的要用配置文件中的别名static，而不是目录 statics。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 237, 164, 258 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 235, 166, 260 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 235, 166, 260 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板继承", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 267, 269, 277 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 267, 270, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 267, 270, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "模板可以用继承的方式来实现复用，减少冗余内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 283, 364, 293 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 284, 365, 294 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 284, 365, 294 ], "type": "text", "content": "网页的头部和尾部内容一般都是一致的，我们就可以通过模板继承来实现复用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 299, 388, 309 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 390, 310 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 390, 310 ], "type": "text", "content": "父模板用于放置可重复利用的内容，子模板继承父模板的内容，并放置自己的内容。。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 322, 133, 338 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 320, 136, 342 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 320, 136, 342 ], "type": "text", "content": "父模板", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 350, 489, 361 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 350, 490, 361 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 350, 490, 361 ], "type": "text", "content": "标签 block...endblock: 父模板中的预留区域，该区域留给子模板填充差异性的内容，不同预留区域名字不能相同。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\% \\text{block} \\text{名称} \\% \\}" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": " 预留给子模板的区域，可以设置设置默认内容 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 394, 386 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\{\\% \\text{endblock} \\text{名称} \\% \\}" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 404, 133, 421 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 403, 136, 424 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 403, 136, 424 ], "type": "text", "content": "子模板", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 221, 444 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 433, 222, 444 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 433, 222, 444 ], "type": "text", "content": "子模板使用标签extends 继承父模板：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 458, 194, 468 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 458, 194, 468 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 458, 194, 468 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 458, 194, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "% extends \"父模板路径\"%}" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 15, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 482, 476, 492 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 483, 477, 493 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 483, 477, 493 ], "type": "text", "content": "子模板如果没有设置父模板预留区域的内容，则使用在父模板设置的默认内容，当然也可以都不设置，就为空。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 497, 213, 507 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 497, 214, 508 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 497, 214, 508 ], "type": "text", "content": "子模板设置父模板预留区域的内容：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": "{ " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": " block名称 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": " }内容{ " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": " endblock名称 " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\%" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 267, 533 ], "type": "text", "content": " }" } ] } ], "index": 18, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 18, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 547, 196, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 547, 198, 558 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 547, 198, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 模型使用自带的 ORM。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 565, 502, 591 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 565, 503, 576 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 565, 503, 576 ], "type": "text", "content": "对象关系映射（Object Relational Mapping，简称ORM ）用于实现面向对象编程语言里不同类型系统的数据之间的转", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 578, 104, 593 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 578, 104, 593 ], "type": "text", "content": "换。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 598, 282, 608 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 599, 283, 609 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 599, 283, 609 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 在业务逻辑层和数据库层之间充当了桥梁的作用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 616, 433, 627 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 618, 434, 627 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 618, 434, 627 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 是通过使用描述对象和数据库之间的映射的元数据，将程序中的对象自动持久化到数据库中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 650, 145, 661 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 649, 146, 661 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 649, 146, 661 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 解析过程:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 666, 252, 728 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 666, 240, 676 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 665, 241, 677 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 665, 241, 677 ], "type": "text", "content": "1、ORM 会将 Python 代码转成为 SQL 语句。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 692, 252, 702 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 692, 254, 703 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 80, 692, 254, 703 ], "type": "text", "content": "2、SQL 语句通过 pymysql 传送到数据库服务端。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 80, 718, 238, 728 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 719, 238, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 81, 719, 238, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "3、在数据库中执行 SQL 语句并将结果返回。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 19 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 94, 77, 573, 184 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 77, 573, 184 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 77, 573, 184 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 77, 573, 184 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "89ff050f91c03b4570c077c1d5a0b35eba5235ff5bcb76f7b6a8328a7ce6d1c7.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 0 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 153, 210 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 153, 211 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 153, 211 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 对应关系表：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 115, 247, 472, 417 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 115, 247, 472, 417 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 115, 247, 472, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 115, 247, 472, 417 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "e3b1faa6363d2686aa3e435194c96d28a466d037563692d969fb0f4eb9f90257.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 2 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 130, 480 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 130, 481 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 130, 481 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据库配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 496, 261, 507 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 497, 260, 506 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 497, 260, 506 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 无法操作到数据库级别，只能操作到数据表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 548, 348, 559 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 349, 560 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 349, 560 ], "type": "text", "content": "我们在项目的 settings.py 文件中找到 DATABASES 配置项，将其信息修改为：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 574, 247, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 248, 586 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 248, 586 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/HelloWorld/settings.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 600, 505, 643 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 600, 506, 611 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 600, 127, 611 ], "type": "text", "content": "DATABASES", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 127, 602, 135, 609 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.54 }, { "bbox": [ 135, 600, 506, 611 ], "type": "text", "content": "{ 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', # 数 据 库 引 擎 'NAME': 'runoob', # 数 据 库 名 称 'HOST':", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 615, 506, 628 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 615, 506, 628 ], "type": "text", "content": "'127.0.0.1', # 数据库地址，本机 ip 地址 127.0.0.1 'PORT': 3306, # 端口 'USER': 'root', # 数据库用户名 'PASSWORD': '123456',", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 146, 644 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 146, 644 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 数据库密码 } }", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 657, 505, 683 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 658, 505, 669 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 658, 505, 669 ], "type": "text", "content": "上面包含数据库名称和用户的信息，它们与 MySQL 中对应数据库和用户的设置相同。Django 根据这一设置，与 MySQL", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 674, 205, 683 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 674, 205, 683 ], "type": "text", "content": "中相应的数据库和用户连接起来。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 699, 292, 710 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 698, 294, 711 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 698, 294, 711 ], "type": "text", "content": "接下来，告诉 Django 使用 pymysql 模块连接 mysql 数据库：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 725, 107, 735 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 107, 738 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 107, 738 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 20 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 79, 318, 92 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 318, 91 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 318, 91 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 在与 settings.py 同级目录下的 __init__.py 中引入模块和进行配置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 142, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 94, 143, 108 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 94, 143, 108 ], "type": "text", "content": "import pymysql", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 189, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 190, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 190, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 184, 164, 205 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 182, 167, 208 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 182, 167, 208 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义模型", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 220, 152, 236 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 216, 155, 238 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 216, 155, 238 ], "type": "text", "content": "创建 APP", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 248, 447, 259 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 247, 449, 261 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 247, 449, 261 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 规定，如果要使用模型，必须要创建一个 app。我们使用以下命令创建一个 TestModel 的 app:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 272, 230, 283 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 230, 283 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 230, 283 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 230, 283 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin startapp TestModel" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 297, 420, 323 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 420, 323 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 420, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 420, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "# models.py from django.db import models class Test(model.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=20)" } ] } ], "index": 7, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 7, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 328, 494, 356 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 495, 340 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 495, 340 ], "type": "text", "content": "以上的类名代表了数据库表名，且继承了models.Model，类里面的字段代表数据表中的字段(name)，数据类型则由", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 343, 413, 356 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 343, 413, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": "CharField（相当于 varchar）、DateField（相当于 datetime）， max_length 参数限定长度。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 360, 149, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 360, 151, 371 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 360, 151, 371 ], "type": "text", "content": "在命令行中运行：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 385, 273, 395 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 385, 273, 395 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 385, 273, 395 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 385, 273, 395 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python3 manage.py migrate # 创建表结构" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 409, 462, 420 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 409, 462, 420 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 409, 462, 420 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 409, 462, 420 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python3 manage.py makemigrations TestModel # 让 Django 知道我们在我们的模型有一些变更" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 434, 317, 445 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 434, 317, 445 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 434, 317, 445 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 434, 317, 445 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python3 manage.py migrate TestModel # 创建表结构" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 457, 362, 470 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 458, 363, 471 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 458, 363, 471 ], "type": "text", "content": "看到几行 \"Creating table…\" 的字样，你的数据表就创建好了。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 474, 164, 485 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 473, 165, 486 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 473, 165, 486 ], "type": "text", "content": "Creating tables ...", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 493, 105, 500 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 505, 301, 517 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 504, 302, 518 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 504, 302, 518 ], "type": "text", "content": "Creating table TestModel_test #我们自定义的表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 525, 105, 531 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 535, 343, 549 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 534, 346, 550 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 534, 346, 550 ], "type": "text", "content": "表名组成结构为：应用名_类名（如：TestModel_test）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 550, 492, 564 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 493, 565 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 493, 565 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：尽管我们没有在 models 给表设置主键，但是 Django 会自动添加一个 id 作为主键。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 566, 132, 579 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 566, 133, 581 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 566, 133, 581 ], "type": "text", "content": "添加数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 582, 433, 595 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 582, 435, 596 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 582, 435, 596 ], "type": "text", "content": "添加数据需要先创建对象，然后再执行 save 函数，相当于SQL中的INSERT：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 597, 179, 609 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 597, 179, 609 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 597, 179, 609 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 597, 179, 609 ], "type": "text", "content": "- - coding: utf-8 -" } ] } ], "index": 22, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 22, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 629, 255, 641 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 255, 641 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 255, 641 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 255, 641 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.http import HttpResponse" } ] } ], "index": 23, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 23, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 661, 242, 672 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 661, 242, 672 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 661, 242, 672 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 661, 242, 672 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test" } ] } ], "index": 24, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 24, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 692, 150, 704 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 151, 704 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 151, 704 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 数据库操作", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 708, 174, 719 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 708, 174, 719 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 708, 174, 719 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 708, 174, 719 ], "type": "text", "content": "def testdb(request):" } ] } ], "index": 26, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 26, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 723, 218, 735 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 723, 218, 735 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 723, 218, 735 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 723, 218, 735 ], "type": "text", "content": "test1 = Test(name='runoob')" } ] } ], "index": 27, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 27, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 97, 738, 148, 750 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 738, 148, 750 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 738, 148, 750 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 738, 148, 750 ], "type": "text", "content": "test1.save()" } ] } ], "index": 28, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 28, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 21 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 79, 312, 92 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 79, 314, 93 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 79, 314, 93 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"

数据添加成功！

\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 95, 132, 107 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 133, 109 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 133, 109 ], "type": "text", "content": "更新数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 255, 122 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 109, 257, 125 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 109, 257, 125 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改数据可以使用 save() 或 update():", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 126, 179, 137 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 179, 137 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 179, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 179, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "- -coding: utf-8 -" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 157, 255, 169 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 255, 169 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 255, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 255, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.http import HttpResponse" } ] } ], "index": 4, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 4, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 188, 242, 200 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 242, 200 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 242, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 242, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test" } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 235, 174, 247 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 219, 150, 232 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 220, 151, 232 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 220, 151, 232 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 数据库操作", "score": 1.0 } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_caption" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 174, 247 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 174, 247 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 174, 247 ], "type": "text", "content": "def testdb(request):" } ] } ], "index": 7, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 7, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 97, 250, 414, 263 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 250, 415, 264 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 250, 170, 264 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 修改其中一个", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 170, 251, 191, 263 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\mathrm { i } { \\mathsf { d } } { = } 1", "score": 0.86 }, { "bbox": [ 191, 250, 415, 264 ], "type": "text", "content": "的 name 字段，再 save，相当于 SQL 中的 UPDATE", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 97, 266, 221, 278 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 266, 221, 278 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 266, 221, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 97, 266, 221, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "test1 = Test.objects.get(id=1)" } ] } ], "index": 9, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 9, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 282, 192, 293 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 282, 192, 293 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 282, 192, 293 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 282, 192, 293 ], "type": "text", "content": "test1.name = 'Google'" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 298, 148, 309 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 298, 148, 309 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 298, 148, 309 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 298, 148, 309 ], "type": "text", "content": "test1.save()" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 328, 170, 341 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 328, 170, 341 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 328, 170, 341 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 328, 170, 341 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 另外一种方式" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 343, 305, 356 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 343, 305, 356 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 343, 305, 356 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 343, 305, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": "Test.objects.filter(id=1).update(name='Google')" } ] } ], "index": 13, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 13, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 375, 170, 387 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 375, 170, 387 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 375, 170, 387 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 375, 170, 387 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改所有的列" } ] } ], "index": 14, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 14, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 391, 279, 403 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 279, 403 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 279, 403 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 391, 279, 403 ], "type": "text", "content": "Test.objects.all().update(name='Google')" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 15, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 98, 422, 280, 435 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 422, 280, 435 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 422, 280, 435 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 98, 422, 280, 435 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"/

修改成功

\")" } ] } ], "index": 16, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 16, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 438, 132, 449 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 133, 451 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 133, 451 ], "type": "text", "content": "删除数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 453, 350, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 454, 351, 466 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 454, 351, 466 ], "type": "text", "content": "删除数据库中的对象只需调用该对象的delete()方法即可：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 214, 521 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 493, 217, 523 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 493, 217, 523 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 表单", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 537, 434, 549 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 538, 436, 548 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 538, 436, 548 ], "type": "text", "content": "HTML表单是网站交互性的经典方式。 本章将介绍如何用Django对用户提交的表单数据进行处理。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 558, 180, 578 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 556, 184, 581 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 556, 184, 581 ], "type": "text", "content": "HTTP 请求", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 587, 502, 613 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 588, 502, 597 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 588, 502, 597 ], "type": "text", "content": "HTTP协议以\"请求－回复\"的方式工作。客户发送请求时，可以在请求中附加数据。服务器通过解析请求，就可以获得", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 602, 265, 613 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 602, 265, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "客户传来的数据，并根据URL来提供特定的服务。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 628, 153, 644 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 626, 155, 646 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 626, 155, 646 ], "type": "text", "content": "GET 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 657, 279, 670 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 659, 279, 671 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 659, 279, 671 ], "type": "text", "content": "用户提交了表单，服务器解析表单并回复", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 674, 332, 685 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 674, 333, 686 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 674, 333, 686 ], "type": "text", "content": "我们在之前的项目中创建一个 search.py 文件，用于接收用户的请求：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 692, 225, 703 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 225, 703 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 225, 703 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 225, 703 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.http import HttpResponse" } ] } ], "index": 26, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 26, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 711, 217, 720 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 711, 217, 720 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 711, 217, 720 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 711, 217, 720 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render" } ] } ], "index": 27, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 27, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 729, 113, 737 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 113, 737 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 113, 737 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 113, 737 ], "type": "text", "content": "#表单" } ] } ], "index": 28, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 28, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 746, 181, 756 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 746, 181, 756 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 746, 181, 756 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 746, 181, 756 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search_form(request):" } ] } ], "index": 29, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 29, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 22 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 77, 279, 722 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 77, 279, 722 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 77, 279, 722 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 77, 279, 722 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, 'search_form.html') \n#接收请求数据 \ndef search(request): \n request_encoding='utf-8' \n if 'q' in request.GET and request.GET['q']: \n message = '你搜索的内容为: ' + request.GET['q'] \n else: \n message = '你提交了空表单' \n return HttpResponse(message) \n在模板目录templates中添加search_form.html表单： \n/HelloWorld/template/search_form.html文件代码： \n \n \n \n \n菜鸟教程(runob.com) \n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n \nurls.py规则修改为如下形式： \n/HelloWorld/HelloWorld URLs.py文件代码： \nfrom django.conf.urls import url \nfrom . import views,testdb,search \nurlpatterns = [url(r'^hello/$', views.runoob),url(r'^testdb/$', testdb.testdb),url(r'^search-form/$', search.search_form),url(r'^search/$', search.search),]" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 735, 157, 752 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 733, 158, 752 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 733, 158, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "POST 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 23 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 299, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 299, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 299, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "上面我们使用了GET 方法，视图显示和请求处理分成两个函数处理。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 95, 426, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 96, 426, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 96, 426, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "提交数据时更常用POST 方法。我们下面使用该方法，并用一个URL和处理函数，同时显示视图和处理请求。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 184, 121 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 184, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 184, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. GET 方法实现（search.py）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 113, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 126, 114, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 126, 114, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "python", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 245, 153 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 245, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 245, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 两个独立的函数： 一个显示表单， 一个处理请求", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 214, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 214, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 214, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search_form(request): # 显示表单", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 236, 184 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 237, 184 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 237, 184 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, 'search_form.html')", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 195, 215 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 205, 195, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 205, 195, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search(request): # 处理请求", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 220, 229, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 220, 230, 231 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 220, 230, 231 ], "type": "text", "content": "if 'q' in request.GET and request.GET['q']:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 102, 236, 257, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 235, 257, 248 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 235, 133, 248 ], "type": "text", "content": "message", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 134, 238, 141, 244 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.78 }, { "bbox": [ 141, 235, 197, 248 ], "type": "text", "content": "'你搜索的内容为: '", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 198, 238, 204, 244 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "^ +", "score": 0.51 }, { "bbox": [ 204, 235, 257, 248 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.GET['q']", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 252, 113, 260 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 251, 114, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 251, 114, 262 ], "type": "text", "content": "else:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 102, 267, 193, 276 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 267, 195, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 267, 133, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "message", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 134, 269, 141, 275 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.77 }, { "bbox": [ 141, 267, 195, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "'你提交了空表单'", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 283, 200, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 282, 201, 294 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 282, 201, 294 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(message)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 192, 309 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 193, 310 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 297, 193, 310 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. POST 方法实现（search2.py）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 113, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 114, 324 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 114, 324 ], "type": "text", "content": "python", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 217, 338 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 330, 217, 338 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 330, 217, 338 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 单个函数同时处理表单显示和请求处理", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 345, 173, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 344, 174, 356 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 344, 174, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": "def search_post(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 361, 120, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 361, 120, 370 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 361, 120, 370 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\mathsf { c t x } = \\left\\{ \\right\\}", "score": 0.67 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 376, 252, 386 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 376, 254, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 376, 254, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": "if request.POST: # 如果是POST 请求 （表单提交）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 102, 392, 192, 401 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 392, 193, 402 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 392, 128, 402 ], "type": "text", "content": "ctx['rlt']", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 129, 393, 136, 400 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 136, 392, 193, 402 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.POST['q']", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 407, 279, 417 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 407, 279, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 407, 279, 417 ], "type": "text", "content": "return render(request, \"post.html\", ctx) # 总是返回模板", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 177, 433 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 177, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 177, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "何时用 GET？何时用 POST？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 145, 448 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 145, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 145, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "适合 GET 的情况：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 454, 276, 495 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 454, 276, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 454, 276, 464 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 457, 111, 460 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 454, 276, 464 ], "type": "text", "content": "搜索功能（用户可能想收藏或分享搜索结果URL）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 470, 242, 479 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 470, 242, 480 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 472, 111, 476 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.658 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 470, 242, 480 ], "type": "text", "content": "筛选和排序（参数在URL中便于分享）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 486, 240, 495 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 486, 240, 495 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 488, 111, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 486, 240, 495 ], "type": "text", "content": "幂等操作（不改变服务器状态的操作）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 149, 510 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 150, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 150, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "适合 POST 的情况：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 517, 217, 572 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 517, 208, 526 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 518, 209, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 518, 209, 526 ], "type": "text", "content": "登录/注册（包含敏感信息）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 532, 198, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 533, 198, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 534, 111, 539 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.9 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 533, 198, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "表单提交（创建新数据）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 548, 217, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 549, 217, 557 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 550, 111, 554 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.652 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 549, 217, 557 ], "type": "text", "content": "任何会改变服务器状态的操作", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 563, 168, 572 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 564, 168, 573 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 565, 112, 570 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.757 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 564, 168, 573 ], "type": "text", "content": "大量数据提交", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 132, 588 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 580, 132, 589 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 580, 132, 589 ], "type": "text", "content": "最佳实践总结", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 594, 313, 650 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 594, 260, 603 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 594, 260, 604 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 595, 121, 604 ], "type": "text", "content": "1.", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 594, 260, 604 ], "type": "text", "content": "GET 完全可以用单函数处理显示和处理逻辑", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 610, 313, 620 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 610, 315, 621 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 610, 315, 621 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 原代码设计是过时的模式，现代 Django 开发不推荐这样分离", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 625, 297, 635 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 626, 298, 636 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 626, 298, 636 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 选择GET 还是 POST 取决于具体场景，而不是技术限制", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 641, 217, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 641, 217, 651 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 641, 217, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "4. 单函数模式更简洁、更易维护", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 680, 175, 697 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 39, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 678, 177, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 678, 177, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "Request 对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 708, 345, 719 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 40, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 707, 346, 719 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 707, 346, 719 ], "type": "text", "content": "每个视图函数的第一个参数是一个HttpRequest 对象，就像下面这个runoob() 函数:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 208, 734 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 41, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 209, 734 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 209, 734 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.http import HttpResponse", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 24 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 86, 188, 103 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 189, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 189, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "QueryDict 对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 114, 330, 155 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 114, 330, 123 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 114, 330, 123 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 HttpRequest 对象中, GET 和 POST 属性是 django.http.QueryDict 类的实例。", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 129, 287, 139 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 129, 287, 139 ], "type": "text", "content": "QueryDict类似字典的自定义类，用来处理单键对应多值的情况。", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 146, 280, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 146, 280, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "QueryDict实现所有标准的词典方法。还包括一些特有的方法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 176, 207, 201 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 176, 207, 201 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 176, 207, 201 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 176, 207, 201 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request): return HttpResponse(\"Hello world\")" } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 2, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 218, 230, 247 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 84, 216, 234, 250 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 84, 216, 234, 250 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 视图", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 263, 143, 282 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 260, 146, 285 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 260, 146, 285 ], "type": "text", "content": "视图层", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 292, 378, 302 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 292, 378, 302 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 292, 378, 302 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个视图函数，简称视图，是一个简单的Python 函数，它接受Web 请求并且返回Web 响应。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 308, 373, 317 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 308, 374, 318 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 308, 374, 318 ], "type": "text", "content": "响应可以是一个HTML 页面、一个404 错误页面、重定向页面、XML 文档、或者一张图片...", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 323, 483, 333 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 323, 484, 333 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 323, 484, 333 ], "type": "text", "content": "无论视图本身包含什么逻辑，都要返回响应。代码写在哪里都可以，只要在Python 目录下面，一般放在项目的views.py 文件中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 339, 323, 349 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 339, 323, 349 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 339, 323, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "每个视图函数都负责返回一个HttpResponse 对象，对象中包含生成的响应。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 354, 324, 364 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 354, 324, 366 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 354, 324, 366 ], "type": "text", "content": "视图层中有两个重要的对象：请求对象(request)与响应对象(HttpResponse)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 370, 246, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 370, 248, 381 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 370, 248, 381 ], "type": "text", "content": "请求对象: HttpRequest 对象（简称 request 对象）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 386, 196, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 386, 196, 396 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 386, 196, 396 ], "type": "text", "content": "以下介绍几个常用的request 属性。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 411, 136, 424 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 410, 139, 428 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 410, 139, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "1、GET", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 438, 331, 447 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 438, 332, 448 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 438, 332, 448 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据类型是QueryDict，一个类似于字典的对象，包含HTTP GET 的所有参数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 454, 233, 462 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 233, 463 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 233, 463 ], "type": "text", "content": "有相同的键，就把所有的值放到对应的列表里。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 469, 158, 478 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 158, 478 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 158, 478 ], "type": "text", "content": "取值格式：对象.方法。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 485, 303, 494 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 484, 305, 495 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 484, 305, 495 ], "type": "text", "content": "get()：返回字符串，如果该键对应有多个值，取出该键的最后一个值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 104, 509 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 500, 105, 510 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 500, 105, 510 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 516, 241, 557 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 516, 241, 557 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 516, 241, 557 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 516, 241, 557 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request):\n name = request.GET.get(\"name\")\n return HttpResponse('姓名：{}''.format(name))" } ] } ], "index": 18, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 18, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 571, 146, 585 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 569, 148, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 569, 148, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "2、POST", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 598, 335, 608 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 598, 336, 608 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 598, 336, 608 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据类型是QueryDict，一个类似于字典的对象，包含HTTP POST 的所有参数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 614, 368, 624 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 615, 370, 624 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 615, 370, 624 ], "type": "text", "content": "常用于form 表单，form 表单里的标签name 属性对应参数的键，value 属性对应参数的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 159, 639 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 160, 640 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 160, 640 ], "type": "text", "content": "取值格式：对象.方法。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 645, 303, 655 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 645, 305, 655 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 645, 305, 655 ], "type": "text", "content": "get()：返回字符串，如果该键对应有多个值，取出该键的最后一个值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 661, 104, 670 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 660, 105, 671 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 660, 105, 671 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 677, 241, 718 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 241, 718 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 241, 718 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 241, 718 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request):\n name = request.POST.get(\"name\")\n return HttpResponse('姓名：{}'.format(name))" } ] } ], "index": 25, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 25, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 732, 145, 748 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 728, 147, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 728, 147, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "3、body", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 25 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 80, 411, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 81, 412, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 81, 412, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据类型是二进制字节流，是原生请求体里的参数内容，在HTTP 中用于POST，因为GET 没有请求体。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 95, 399, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 95, 399, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 95, 399, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "在HTTP 中不常用，而在处理非HTTP 形式的报文时非常有用，例如：二进制图片、XML、Json 等。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 105, 121 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 105, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 105, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request): name " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 202, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.body print(name) return HttpResponse(\"菜鸟教程\")" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 189, 229, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 190, 229, 198 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 190, 229, 198 ], "type": "text", "content": "获取URL 中的路径部分，数据类型是字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 105, 215 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 105, 216 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 105, 216 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request): name " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 200, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.path print(name) return HttpResponse(\"菜鸟教程\")" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 291, 143, 307 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 289, 146, 309 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 289, 146, 309 ], "type": "text", "content": "4、path", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 319, 229, 329 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 320, 229, 328 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 320, 229, 328 ], "type": "text", "content": "获取URL 中的路径部分，数据类型是字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 105, 344 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 105, 345 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 105, 345 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request): name " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 201, 407 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.path print(name) return HttpResponse(\"菜鸟教程\")" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 437, 166, 451 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 435, 166, 454 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 435, 166, 454 ], "type": "text", "content": "5、method", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 464, 268, 474 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 465, 268, 473 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 465, 268, 473 ], "type": "text", "content": "获取当前请求的方式，数据类型是字符串，且结果为大写。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 480, 105, 489 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 479, 105, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 479, 105, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request): name " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 495, 202, 552 ], "type": "text", "content": " request.method print(name) return HttpResponse(\"菜鸟教程\")" } ] } ], "index": 14, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 14, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 564, 348, 586 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 348, 587 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 348, 587 ], "type": "text", "content": "响应对象：HttpResponse 对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 593, 293, 604 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 592, 293, 605 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 592, 293, 605 ], "type": "text", "content": "响应对象主要有三种形式：HttpResponse()、render()、redirect()。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 609, 452, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 609, 453, 619 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 609, 453, 619 ], "type": "text", "content": "HttpResponse(): 返回文本，参数为字符串，字符串中写文本内容。如果参数为字符串里含有html 标签，也可以渲染。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 624, 500, 634 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 501, 634 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 501, 634 ], "type": "text", "content": "ender(): 返回文本，第一个参数为 request，第二个参数为字符串（页面名称），第三个参数为字典（可选参数，向页面传递的参数：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 640, 211, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 640, 212, 650 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 640, 212, 650 ], "type": "text", "content": "键为页面参数名，值为views参数名）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 655, 105, 666 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 655, 105, 667 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 655, 105, 667 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 671, 261, 713 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 261, 713 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 261, 713 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 261, 713 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request):\n name = \"菜鸟教程\"\n return render(request, \"runoob.html\", {\"name\": name})" } ] } ], "index": 21, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 21, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 456, 729 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 719, 456, 728 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 719, 456, 728 ], "type": "text", "content": "redirect()：重定向，跳转新页面。参数为字符串，字符串中填写页面路径。一般用于form 表单提交后，跳转到新页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 105, 744 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 733, 105, 745 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 733, 105, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 750, 155, 760 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 750, 155, 760 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 750, 155, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 750, 155, 760 ], "type": "text", "content": "def runoob(request):" } ] } ], "index": 24, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 24, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 26 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 81, 173, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 79, 174, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 79, 174, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "return redirect(\"/index/\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 274, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 96, 275, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 96, 275, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "render 和 redirect 是在 HttpResponse 的基础上进行了封装：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 264, 137 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 264, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 111, 264, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 114, 110, 116 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 111, 264, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "render：底层返回的也是 HttpResponse 对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 127, 260, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 127, 260, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 127, 260, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "redirect：底层继承的是 HttpResponse 对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 89, 154, 229, 183 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 152, 233, 185 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 152, 233, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 路由", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 194, 503, 205 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 195, 503, 204 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 195, 503, 204 ], "type": "text", "content": "路由简单的来说就是根据用户请求的URL 链接来判断对应的处理程序，并返回处理结果，也就是URL 与Django 的视图建立映射关系。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 210, 318, 220 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 318, 220 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 318, 220 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 路由在 urls.py 配置，urls.py 中的每一条配置对应相应的处理方法。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 171, 251 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 227, 175, 254 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 227, 175, 254 ], "type": "text", "content": "Path 设置", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 262, 168, 271 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 261, 169, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 261, 169, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 2.2.x 之后的版本", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 277, 367, 302 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 277, 367, 287 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 277, 367, 287 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 277, 367, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": "path：用于普通路径，不需要自己手动添加正则首位限制符号，底层已经添加。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 292, 321, 302 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 293, 321, 302 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 295, 111, 299 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.678 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 293, 321, 302 ], "type": "text", "content": "re_path：用于正则路径，需要自己手动添加正则首位限制符号。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 308, 104, 317 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 307, 105, 319 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 307, 105, 319 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 86, 323, 277, 412 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 323, 277, 412 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 323, 277, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 323, 277, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.url import re_path # 用re_path 需要引入\nurlpatterns = [\n path('admin/', admin.site URLs),\n path('index/', views.index), # 普通路径\n re_path(r'^articles/[0-9]{4}]/$', views_articles), # 正则路径" } ] } ], "index": 14, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 14, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 235, 443 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 235, 444 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 235, 444 ], "type": "text", "content": "正则路径中的分组", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 458, 225, 474 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 457, 226, 476 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 457, 226, 476 ], "type": "text", "content": "正则路径中的无名分组", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 192, 497 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 192, 497 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 192, 497 ], "type": "text", "content": "无名分组按位置传参，一一对应。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 502, 299, 513 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 502, 299, 513 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 502, 299, 513 ], "type": "text", "content": "views 中除了request，其他形参的数量要与urls 中的分组数量一致。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 518, 113, 528 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 114, 529 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 114, 529 ], "type": "text", "content": "urls.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 229, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": " [ path('admin'/,admin.site URLs), re_path(\"^index/([0-9]{4})/$\",views.index), ] views.py from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse" } ] } ], "index": 20, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 20, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 643, 294, 684 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 643, 294, 684 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 643, 294, 684 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 643, 294, 684 ], "type": "text", "content": "def index(request, year):\n print(year) # 一个形参代表路径中一个分组的内容，按顺序匹配\n return HttpResponse('菜鸟教程')" } ] } ], "index": 21, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 21, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 697, 226, 713 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 696, 226, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 696, 226, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "正则路径中的有名分组", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 725, 108, 735 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 108, 736 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 108, 736 ], "type": "text", "content": "语法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 741, 161, 751 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 741, 161, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 741, 161, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "(?P<组名>正则表达式)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 27 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 80, 218, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 218, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 218, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "有名分组按关键字传参，与位置顺序无关。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 95, 455, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 455, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 455, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "views 中除了request，其他形参的数量要与urls 中的分组数量一致，并且views 中的形参名称要与urls 中的组名对应。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 113, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 115, 123 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 110, 115, 123 ], "type": "text", "content": "urls.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 276, 263 ], "type": "text", "content": " [path('admin／',admin.site.urls),re_path(\"^index/(?P[0-9]{4})/(?P[0-9]{2})/\\$\"，views.index),]views.pyfrom django.shortcuts import HttpResponsedef index(request, year, month):print(year,month)#一个形参代表路径中一个分组的内容,return HttpResponse('菜鸟教程')" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 275, 202, 291 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 273, 204, 293 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 273, 204, 293 ], "type": "text", "content": "路由分发(include)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 303, 362, 313 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 303, 364, 313 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 303, 364, 313 ], "type": "text", "content": "存在问题：Django 项目里多个app目录共用一个urls 容易造成混淆，后期维护也不方便。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 319, 317, 328 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 318, 318, 329 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 318, 318, 329 ], "type": "text", "content": "解决：使用路由分发（include），让每个app目录都单独拥有自己的urls。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 334, 107, 343 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 108, 344 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 108, 344 ], "type": "text", "content": "步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 350, 344, 375 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 350, 270, 359 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 119, 349, 271, 361 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 119, 349, 271, 361 ], "type": "text", "content": "1、在每个 app 目录里都创建一个 urls.py 文件。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 365, 344, 375 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 365, 345, 375 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 365, 345, 375 ], "type": "text", "content": "2、在项目名称目录下的urls 文件里，统一将路径分发给各个app 目录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 380, 104, 391 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 380, 105, 391 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 380, 105, 391 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 396, 196, 406 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 396, 196, 407 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 396, 196, 407 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 86, 412, 295, 484 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 412, 295, 484 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 412, 295, 484 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 412, 295, 484 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.url import path, include # 从 django.url 引入 include \nurlpatterns = [ \n path('admin/', admin.site URLs), \n path(\"app01/\", include(\"app01 URLs\")), \n path(\"app02/\", include(\"app02 URLs\"))," } ] } ], "index": 13, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 13, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 512, 162, 531 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 509, 165, 534 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 509, 165, 534 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向解析", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 542, 421, 551 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 543, 422, 551 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 543, 422, 551 ], "type": "text", "content": "随着功能的增加，路由层的url 发生变化，就需要去更改对应的视图层和模板层的url，非常麻烦，不便维护。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 557, 456, 566 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 558, 456, 566 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 558, 456, 566 ], "type": "text", "content": "这时我们可以利用反向解析，当路由层url 发生改变，在视图层和模板层动态反向解析出更改后的url，免去修改的操作。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 573, 254, 582 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 574, 254, 582 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 574, 254, 582 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向解析一般用在模板中的超链接及视图中的重定向。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 597, 143, 612 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 596, 145, 614 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 596, 145, 614 ], "type": "text", "content": "普通路径", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 624, 236, 634 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 238, 634 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 624, 238, 634 ], "type": "text", "content": "在urls.py 中给路由起别名，name=\"路由别名\"。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 640, 217, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 640, 218, 651 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 640, 218, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "path(\"login1/\", views.login, name=\"login\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 655, 350, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 655, 351, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 655, 351, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 views.py 中，从 django.urls 中引入 reverse，利用 reverse(\"路由别名\") 反向解析:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 671, 186, 681 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 186, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 186, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "return redirect(reverse(\"login\"))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 687, 324, 697 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 326, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 326, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "在模板 templates 中的 HTML 文件中，利用 {% url \"路由别名\" %} 反向解析。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 703, 238, 712 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 703, 238, 713 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 703, 238, 713 ], "type": "text", "content": "
", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 726, 217, 742 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 724, 219, 744 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 724, 219, 744 ], "type": "text", "content": "正则路径（无名分组）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 28 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 80, 238, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 238, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 238, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 urls.py 中给路由起别名，name=\"路由别名\"。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 95, 262, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 263, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 263, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "re_path(r\"^login/([0-9]{2})/$\", views.login, name=\"login\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 111, 447, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 448, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 448, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 views.py 中，从 django.urls 中引入 reverse，利用 reverse(\"路由别名\"，args=(符合正则匹配的参数,)) 反向解析。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 127, 220, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 220, 138 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 220, 138 ], "type": "text", "content": "return redirect(reverse(\"login\",args=(10,)))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 142, 382, 153 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 142, 383, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 142, 383, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "在模板 templates 中的 HTML 文件中利用 {% url \"路由别名\" 符合正则匹配的参数 %} 反向解析。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 158, 248, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 158, 248, 168 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 158, 248, 168 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 181, 218, 197 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 179, 217, 198 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 179, 217, 198 ], "type": "text", "content": "正则路径（有名分组）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 210, 238, 220 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 238, 220 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 210, 238, 220 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 urls.py 中给路由起别名，name=\"路由别名\"。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 225, 292, 235 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 225, 293, 236 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 225, 293, 236 ], "type": "text", "content": "re_path(r\"^login/(?P[0-9]{4})/$\", views.login, name=\"login\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 241, 484, 251 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 241, 486, 252 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 241, 486, 252 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 views.py 中，从 django.urls 中引入 reverse，利用 reverse(\"路由别名\"，kwargs={\"分组名\":符合正则匹配的参数}) 反向解析。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 256, 255, 266 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 257, 255, 267 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 257, 255, 267 ], "type": "text", "content": "return redirect(reverse(\"login\",kwargs={\"year\":3333}))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 272, 414, 282 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 272, 415, 282 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 272, 415, 282 ], "type": "text", "content": "在模板 templates 中的 HTML 文件中，利用{% url \"路由别名\" 分组名=符合正则匹配的参数 %} 反向解析。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 288, 273, 297 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 287, 273, 297 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 287, 273, 297 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 325, 163, 344 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 322, 164, 348 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 322, 164, 348 ], "type": "text", "content": "命名空间", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 354, 271, 364 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 355, 271, 364 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 355, 271, 364 ], "type": "text", "content": "命名空间（英语：Namespace）是表示标识符的可见范围。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 370, 339, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 370, 339, 380 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 370, 339, 380 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个标识符可在多个命名空间中定义，它在不同命名空间中的含义是互不相干的。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 386, 464, 395 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 386, 465, 396 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 386, 465, 396 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个新的命名空间中可定义任何标识符，它们不会与任何重复的标识符发生冲突，因为重复的定义都处于其它命名空间中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 401, 505, 411 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 402, 505, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 402, 505, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "存在问题：路由别名 name 没有作用域，Django 在反向解析 URL 时，会在项目全局顺序搜索，当查找到第一个路由别名 name 指定", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 417, 450, 427 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 417, 451, 428 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 417, 451, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "URL 时，立即返回。当在不同的 app 目录下的 urls 中定义相同的路由别名 name 时，可能会导致 URL 反向解析错误。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 433, 156, 443 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 157, 443 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 157, 443 ], "type": "text", "content": "解决：使用命名空间。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 449, 119, 458 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 449, 119, 459 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 449, 119, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": "普通路径", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 464, 250, 473 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 465, 251, 473 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 465, 251, 473 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义命名空间（include 里面是一个元组）格式如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 480, 211, 490 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 479, 212, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 479, 212, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "include((\"app 名称：urls\"，\"app 名称\"))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 495, 107, 504 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 494, 108, 506 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 494, 108, 506 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 510, 234, 520 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 511, 235, 522 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 511, 235, 522 ], "type": "text", "content": "path(\"app01/\", include((\"app01.urls\",\"app01\")))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 526, 234, 536 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 526, 235, 537 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 526, 235, 537 ], "type": "text", "content": "path(\"app02/\", include((\"app02.urls\",\"app02\")))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 542, 208, 551 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 542, 209, 553 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 542, 209, 553 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 app01/urls.py 中起相同的路由别名。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 557, 213, 567 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 558, 214, 568 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 558, 214, 568 ], "type": "text", "content": "path(\"login/\", views.login, name=\"login\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 573, 228, 582 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 573, 229, 583 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 573, 229, 583 ], "type": "text", "content": "在views.py 中使用名称空间，语法格式如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 588, 185, 598 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 588, 186, 599 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 588, 186, 599 ], "type": "text", "content": "reverse(\"app 名称：路由别名\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 604, 107, 613 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 604, 108, 615 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 604, 108, 615 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 620, 205, 629 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 619, 206, 630 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 619, 206, 630 ], "type": "text", "content": "return redirect(reverse(\"app01:login\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 646, 363, 675 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 643, 368, 677 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 643, 368, 677 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django Admin 管理工具", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 692, 317, 709 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 690, 318, 710 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 690, 318, 710 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 提供了基于web 的管理工具。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 720, 433, 731 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 720, 435, 731 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 720, 435, 731 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 自动管理工具是 django.contrib 的一部分。你可以在项目的 settings.py 中的 INSTALLED_APPS 看到它：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 736, 230, 746 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 736, 231, 747 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 736, 231, 747 ], "type": "text", "content": "/HelloWorld/HelloWorld/settings.py 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 29 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 80, 161, 89 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 161, 89 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 161, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 161, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "INSTALLED_APPS = (" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 96, 167, 105 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 96, 167, 105 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 96, 167, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 96, 167, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib_admin'," } ] } ], "index": 1, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 1, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 111, 162, 121 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 111, 162, 121 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 111, 162, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 111, 162, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.auth'," } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 2, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 127, 188, 137 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 127, 188, 137 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 127, 188, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 127, 188, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.contenttypes'," } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 142, 176, 152 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 142, 176, 152 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 142, 176, 152 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 142, 176, 152 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.authenticated'," } ] } ], "index": 4, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 4, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 158, 180, 168 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 158, 180, 168 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 158, 180, 168 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 158, 180, 168 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.messages'," } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 174, 177, 183 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 174, 177, 183 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 174, 177, 183 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 174, 177, 183 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib(staticfiles'," } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 189, 312, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 313, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 313, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": ")django.contrib 是一套庞大的功能集，它是 Django 基本代码的组成部分。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 212, 171, 228 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 212, 173, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 212, 173, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "激活管理工具", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 241, 320, 251 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 242, 320, 250 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 242, 320, 250 ], "type": "text", "content": "通常我们在生成项目时会在urls.py 中自动设置好，我们只需去掉注释即可。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 256, 142, 266 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 257, 143, 266 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 257, 143, 266 ], "type": "text", "content": "配置项如下所示：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 272, 218, 282 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 218, 282 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 218, 282 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 272, 218, 282 ], "type": "text", "content": "/HelloWorld/HelloWorld/url.py文件代码：" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 288, 117, 297 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 288, 117, 297 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 288, 117, 297 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 288, 117, 297 ], "type": "text", "content": "urls.py" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 303, 186, 312 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 303, 186, 312 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 303, 186, 312 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 303, 186, 312 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.conf.urls import url" } ] } ], "index": 13, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 13, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 318, 192, 328 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 318, 192, 328 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 318, 192, 328 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 318, 192, 328 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin" } ] } ], "index": 14, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 14, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 334, 133, 344 ], "type": "text", "content": " [" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 15, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 349, 190, 359 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 349, 190, 359 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 349, 190, 359 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 349, 190, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": "url(r'^admin\"', admin.site.url)," } ] } ], "index": 16, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 16, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 366, 93, 375 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 366, 93, 375 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 366, 93, 375 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 366, 93, 375 ], "type": "text", "content": "]" } ] } ], "index": 17, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 17, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 380, 257, 391 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 381, 257, 391 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 381, 257, 391 ], "type": "text", "content": "当这一切都配置好后，Django 管理工具就可以运行了。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 396, 348, 407 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 396, 348, 407 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 396, 348, 407 ], "type": "text", "content": "你可以通过命令 python manage.py createsuperuser 来创建超级用户，如下所示：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 412, 207, 423 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 412, 207, 423 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 412, 207, 423 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 412, 207, 423 ], "type": "text", "content": "python manage.py createsuperuser" } ] } ], "index": 20, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 20, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "batch" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 428, 224, 438 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 428, 224, 438 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 428, 224, 438 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 428, 224, 438 ], "type": "text", "content": "Username (leave blank to use 'root'): admin" } ] } ], "index": 21, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 21, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 444, 201, 453 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 444, 201, 453 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 444, 201, 453 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 444, 201, 453 ], "type": "text", "content": "Email address: admin@runoob.com" } ] } ], "index": 22, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 22, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 460, 122, 468 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 460, 122, 468 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 460, 122, 468 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 460, 122, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "Password:" } ] } ], "index": 23, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 23, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 475, 146, 485 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 475, 146, 485 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 475, 146, 485 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 475, 146, 485 ], "type": "text", "content": "Password (again):" } ] } ], "index": 24, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 24, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 490, 189, 500 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 490, 189, 500 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 490, 189, 500 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 490, 189, 500 ], "type": "text", "content": "Superuser created successfully." } ] } ], "index": 25, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 25, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 506, 168, 516 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 506, 168, 516 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 506, 168, 516 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 506, 168, 516 ], "type": "text", "content": "[root@solar HelloWorld]#" } ] } ], "index": 26, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 26, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 529, 144, 544 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 528, 145, 547 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 528, 145, 547 ], "type": "text", "content": "复杂模型", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 557, 275, 567 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 558, 275, 567 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 558, 275, 567 ], "type": "text", "content": "管理页面的功能强大，完全有能力处理更加复杂的数据模型。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 573, 200, 583 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 200, 583 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 200, 583 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 200, 583 ], "type": "text", "content": "django-admin.py startproject app01" } ] } ], "index": 29, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 29, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 588, 285, 598 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 588, 286, 599 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 588, 286, 599 ], "type": "text", "content": "接下来在 settings.py 中找到 INSTALLED_APPS 这一项，如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 604, 161, 613 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 604, 161, 613 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 604, 161, 613 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 604, 161, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "INSTALLED_APPS = (" } ] } ], "index": 31, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 31, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 620, 167, 629 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 620, 167, 629 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 620, 167, 629 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 620, 167, 629 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib_admin'," } ] } ], "index": 32, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 32, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 635, 162, 645 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 635, 162, 645 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 635, 162, 645 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 635, 162, 645 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.auth'," } ] } ], "index": 33, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 33, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 650, 188, 661 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 650, 188, 661 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 650, 188, 661 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 650, 188, 661 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.contenttypes'," } ] } ], "index": 34, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 34, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 666, 176, 677 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 666, 176, 677 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 666, 176, 677 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 666, 176, 677 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contribsessions'," } ] } ], "index": 35, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 35, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 682, 180, 692 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 682, 180, 692 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 682, 180, 692 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 682, 180, 692 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib.messages'," } ] } ], "index": 36, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 36, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 698, 177, 707 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 698, 177, 707 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 698, 177, 707 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 698, 177, 707 ], "type": "text", "content": "'django.contrib(staticfiles'," } ] } ], "index": 37, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 37, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "javascript" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 713, 196, 723 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 713, 196, 723 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 713, 196, 723 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 713, 196, 723 ], "type": "text", "content": "'testmodel', # 添加此项" } ] } ], "index": 38, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 38, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 729, 93, 739 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 93, 739 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 93, 739 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 729, 93, 739 ], "type": "text", "content": "）" } ] } ], "index": 39, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 39, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 30 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 119, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 83, 121, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 83, 121, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "建表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 268, 148 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 138, 267, 147 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 138, 267, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "先在 TestModel/models.py 中增加一个更复杂的数据模型：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 227, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 227, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 227, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/models.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 183, 179 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 169, 183, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 169, 183, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 176, 210 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 176, 210 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 176, 210 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Create your models here.", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 215, 171, 225 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 214, 171, 225 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 214, 171, 225 ], "type": "text", "content": "class Test(models.Model):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 230, 231, 241 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 230, 231, 241 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 230, 231, 241 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 230, 231, 241 ], "type": "text", "content": "name = models.CharField(max_length=20)" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 6, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 262, 183, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 260, 183, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 260, 183, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "class Contact(models.Model):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": "name " }, { "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 96, 277, 239, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.CharField(max_length=200)" } ] } ], "index": 8, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 8, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "type": "text", "content": "age " }, { "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 96, 293, 218, 303 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.IntegerField(default=0)" } ] } ], "index": 9, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 9, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 309, 186, 318 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 309, 186, 318 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 309, 186, 318 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 309, 186, 318 ], "type": "text", "content": "email = models.EmailField()" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 324, 167, 334 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 324, 167, 334 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 324, 167, 334 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 324, 167, 334 ], "type": "text", "content": "def __unicode__(self):" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 11, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 103, 340, 157, 349 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 340, 157, 349 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 340, 157, 349 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 340, 157, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "return self.name" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 370, 170, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 370, 170, 381 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 370, 170, 381 ], "type": "text", "content": "class Tag(models.Model):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 386, 316, 396 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 386, 316, 396 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 386, 316, 396 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 386, 316, 396 ], "type": "text", "content": "contact = models.FireignKey(Contact, on_delete=models.CASCADE,)" } ] } ], "index": 14, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 14, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "name " }, { "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 96, 402, 236, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.CharField(max_length=50)" } ] } ], "index": 15, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 15, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 96, 417, 167, 428 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 417, 167, 428 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 417, 167, 428 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 417, 167, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "def __unicode__(self):" } ] } ], "index": 16, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 16, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 103, 433, 157, 442 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 433, 157, 442 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 433, 157, 442 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 433, 157, 442 ], "type": "text", "content": "return self.name" } ] } ], "index": 17, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 17, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "lua" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 449, 321, 460 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 448, 322, 460 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 448, 322, 460 ], "type": "text", "content": "这里有两个表。Tag 以 Contact 为外部键。一个 Contact 可以对应多个 Tag。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 480, 344, 491 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 481, 343, 490 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 481, 343, 490 ], "type": "text", "content": "我们还可以看到许多在之前没有见过的属性类型，比如 IntegerField 用于存储整数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 514, 201, 533 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 513, 202, 534 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 513, 202, 534 ], "type": "text", "content": "用 django 创建表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 567, 226, 577 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 567, 226, 576 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 567, 226, 576 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python manage.py migrate # 创建表结构", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 582, 319, 592 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 582, 319, 592 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 582, 319, 592 ], "type": "text", "content": "python manage.py makemigrations testmodel 让模型知道我们的表有变更", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 597, 243, 608 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 598, 243, 608 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 598, 243, 608 ], "type": "text", "content": "python manage.py migrate TestModel 创建表结构", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 613, 349, 624 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 351, 624 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 613, 351, 624 ], "type": "text", "content": "接下来我们在 app01 项目里添加 views.py 和 models.py 文件，app01 项目目录结构：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 629, 110, 639 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 110, 639 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 110, 639 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 645, 117, 654 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 644, 119, 655 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 644, 119, 655 ], "type": "text", "content": "|-- app01", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 661, 141, 671 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 659, 142, 671 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 659, 142, 671 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- __init__.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 676, 148, 686 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 674, 149, 687 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 674, 149, 687 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- __pycache__", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 692, 129, 701 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 690, 130, 703 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 690, 130, 703 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- asgi.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 707, 139, 717 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 706, 140, 717 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 706, 140, 717 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- migrations", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 723, 139, 732 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 721, 139, 734 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 721, 139, 734 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- models.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 738, 140, 748 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 737, 141, 749 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 737, 141, 749 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- settings.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 31 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 133, 121 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 127, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 79, 129, 92 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 79, 129, 92 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- urls.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 133, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 135, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 135, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "| |-- views.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 130, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 109, 132, 123 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 109, 132, 123 ], "type": "text", "content": "| `-- wsgi.py", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 162, 146, 178 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 161, 147, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 161, 147, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "显示模型", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 212, 292, 226 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 211, 293, 226 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 211, 293, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 TestModel/admin.py 注册多个模型并显示：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 244, 224, 254 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 224, 255 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 245, 224, 255 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/admin.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 260, 192, 269 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 260, 193, 271 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 260, 193, 271 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 276, 238, 285 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 275, 238, 287 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 275, 238, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test,Contact,Tag", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 307, 180, 317 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 307, 180, 317 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 307, 180, 317 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Register your models here.", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 322, 211, 333 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 322, 212, 333 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 322, 212, 333 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register([Test, Contact, Tag])", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 357, 277, 374 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 356, 278, 375 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 356, 278, 375 ], "type": "text", "content": "每个栏也可以定义自己的格式。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 409, 180, 419 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 409, 180, 419 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 409, 180, 419 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改 TestModel/admin.py 为：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 440, 223, 450 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 440, 224, 450 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 440, 224, 450 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/admin.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 456, 192, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 456, 193, 466 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 456, 193, 466 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 471, 238, 481 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 238, 482 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 238, 482 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test,Contact,Tag", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 502, 180, 512 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 503, 180, 513 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 503, 180, 513 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Register your models here.", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 518, 218, 528 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 518, 219, 528 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 518, 219, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "class ContactAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 534, 203, 667 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 203, 667 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 203, 667 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 534, 203, 667 ], "type": "text", "content": "fieldsets = (\n ['Main', {\n 'fields': ('name', 'email'),\n }],\n ['Advance', {\n 'classes': ('collapse'), # CSS\n 'fields': ('age'), }\n }])" } ] } ], "index": 18, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 18, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 690, 224, 699 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 689, 224, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 689, 224, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register(Contact, ContactAdmin)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 705, 184, 714 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 704, 185, 716 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 704, 185, 716 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register([Test, Tag])", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 720, 440, 730 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 721, 440, 730 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 721, 440, 730 ], "type": "text", "content": "上面的栏目分为了Main 和Advance 两部分。classes 说明它所在的部分的CSS 格式。这里让Advance 部分隐藏：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 32 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 196, 103 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 83, 199, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 83, 199, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "内联(Inline)显示", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 137, 268, 147 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 90, 138, 268, 147 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 90, 138, 268, 147 ], "type": "text", "content": "上面的Contact 是Tag 的外部键，所以有外部参考的关系。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 153, 504, 177 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 153, 505, 162 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 153, 505, 162 ], "type": "text", "content": "而在默认的页面显示中，将两者分离开来，无法体现出两者的从属关系。我们可以使用内联显示，让 Tag 附加在Contact 的编辑页面上", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 109, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 109, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "显示。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 185, 170, 193 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 172, 194 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 184, 172, 194 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改 TestModel/admin.py：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 200, 230, 209 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 231, 210 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 231, 210 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/admin.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 215, 192, 223 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 215, 193, 225 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 215, 193, 225 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 231, 238, 239 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 230, 238, 241 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 230, 238, 241 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test,Contact,Tag", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 262, 179, 270 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 263, 180, 271 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 263, 180, 271 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Register your models here.", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 277, 202, 285 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 204, 287 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 204, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": "class TagInline(admin.TabularInline):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 294, 135, 302 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 292, 138, 304 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 292, 138, 304 ], "type": "text", "content": "model = Tag", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 324, 218, 333 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 324, 218, 334 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 324, 218, 334 ], "type": "text", "content": "class ContactAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 340, 183, 349 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 340, 185, 349 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 340, 117, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "inlines", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 117, 341, 124, 348 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.68 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 340, 185, 349 ], "type": "text", "content": "[TagInline] # Inline", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 355, 134, 364 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 354, 136, 365 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 354, 136, 365 ], "type": "text", "content": "fieldsets = (", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 371, 129, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 370, 132, 382 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 102, 370, 132, 382 ], "type": "text", "content": "['Main',{", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 111, 387, 182, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 386, 183, 396 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 386, 183, 396 ], "type": "text", "content": "'fields':('name','email'),", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 403, 110, 411 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 402, 111, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 402, 111, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "}],", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 417, 141, 426 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 417, 143, 428 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 103, 417, 143, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "['Advance',{", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 111, 433, 179, 443 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 433, 181, 444 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 433, 181, 444 ], "type": "text", "content": "'classes': ('collapse',),", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 112, 449, 159, 458 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 448, 161, 460 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 111, 448, 161, 460 ], "type": "text", "content": "'fields': ('age',),", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 465, 110, 473 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 465, 111, 475 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 465, 111, 475 ], "type": "text", "content": "}]", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 94, 496, 100, 504 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 497, 101, 505 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 497, 101, 505 ], "type": "text", "content": ")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 527, 223, 536 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 526, 224, 537 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 526, 224, 537 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register(Contact, ContactAdmin)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 543, 168, 551 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 541, 169, 553 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 541, 169, 553 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register([Test])", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 577, 216, 593 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 576, 217, 595 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 576, 217, 595 ], "type": "text", "content": "自定义该页面的显示", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 629, 338, 639 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 629, 337, 639 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 629, 337, 639 ], "type": "text", "content": "比如在列表中显示更多的栏目，只需要在 ContactAdmin 中增加 list_display 属性:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 661, 223, 669 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 660, 224, 670 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 660, 224, 670 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/admin.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 192, 684 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 677, 193, 685 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 677, 193, 685 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 692, 237, 700 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 689, 238, 703 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 689, 238, 703 ], "type": "text", "content": "from TestModel.models import Test,Contact,Tag", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 723, 179, 731 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 723, 180, 731 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 723, 180, 731 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Register your models here.", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 738, 202, 747 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 738, 204, 749 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 738, 204, 749 ], "type": "text", "content": "class TagInline(admin.TabularInline):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 33 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": "model " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": " Tag \nclass ContactAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\equiv" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": " ('name','age'，'email')#list inlines " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": " [TagInline] # Inline fieldsets " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 223, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": " ( ['Main',{ 'fields':('name','email'), }], ['Advance',{ 'classes':('collapse'), 'fields':('age'), }]} \n） \nadmin.site.register(Contact,ContactAdmin) \nadmin.site.register([Test])" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 0, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 380, 147, 396 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 378, 148, 399 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 378, 148, 399 ], "type": "text", "content": "搜索功能", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 432, 207, 442 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 207, 441 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 207, 441 ], "type": "text", "content": "search_fields 为该列表页增加搜索栏：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 463, 238, 505 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 463, 238, 505 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 463, 238, 505 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 463, 238, 505 ], "type": "text", "content": "HelloWorld/TestModel/admin.py:文件代码： \nfrom django.contrib import admin \nfrom TestModel.models import Test,Contact,Tag" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "python" }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": "# Register your models here. \nclass TagInline(admin.TabularInline): model " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": " Tag \nclass ContactAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\equiv" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": " ('name','age'，'email') #list search_fields " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": " ('name') inlines " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": " [TagInline] # Inline fieldsets " }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 524, 221, 753 ], "type": "text", "content": " ( ['Main',{ 'fields':('name','email'), }], ['Advance',{ 'classes':('collapse'), 'fields':('age')," } ] } ], "index": 4, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 4, "sub_type": "algorithm" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 34 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 81, 110, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 80, 111, 91 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 80, 111, 91 ], "type": "text", "content": "}]", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 111, 100, 120 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 114, 101, 120 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 114, 101, 120 ], "type": "text", "content": ")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 224, 152 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 224, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 224, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register(Contact, ContactAdmin)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 168, 167 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 169, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 157, 169, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "admin.site.register([Test])", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 500, 184 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 174, 500, 183 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 174, 500, 183 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 django2.0 后，定义外键和一对一关系的时候需要加 on_delete 选项，此参数为了避免两个表里的数据不一致问题，不然会报错：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 334, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 336, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 336, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 205, 485, 214 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 485, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 485, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "owner=models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,on_delete=models.CASCADE) --在老版本这个参数（models.CASCADE）是默认值参数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 221, 403, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 404, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 404, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "说明：on_delete 有 CASCADE、PROTECT、SET_NULL、SET_DEFAULT、SET() 五个可选择的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 236, 417, 308 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 236, 242, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 236, 243, 246 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 236, 243, 246 ], "type": "text", "content": "CASCADE：此值设置，是级联删除。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 251, 262, 261 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 253, 262, 261 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 253, 111, 258 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.861 }, { "bbox": [ 126, 253, 262, 261 ], "type": "text", "content": "PROTECT：此值设置，是会报完整性错误。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 267, 332, 277 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 268, 332, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 269, 111, 274 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.9 }, { "bbox": [ 126, 268, 332, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "SET_NULL：此值设置，会把外键设置为null，前提是允许为null。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 282, 299, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 282, 299, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 285, 111, 289 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.658 }, { "bbox": [ 126, 282, 299, 292 ], "type": "text", "content": "SET_DEFAULT：此值设置，会把设置为外键的默认值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 298, 417, 308 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 298, 418, 308 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 126, 298, 418, 308 ], "type": "text", "content": "SET()：此值设置，会调用外面的值，可以是一个函数。一般情况下使用CASCADE 就可以了。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 248, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 248, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 248, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "如果你之前还未创建表结构，可使用以下命令创建：", "score": 0.996 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 329, 386, 339 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 387, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 387, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python manage.py makemigrations TestModel # 让 Django 知道我们在我们的模型有一些变更", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 345, 259, 355 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 345, 260, 355 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 345, 260, 355 ], "type": "text", "content": "$ python manage.py migrate TestModel # 创建表结构", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 380, 159, 396 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 379, 161, 398 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 379, 161, 398 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据库添加", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 432, 121, 441 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 122, 441 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 122, 441 ], "type": "text", "content": "规则配置：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 463, 167, 472 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 463, 168, 473 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 463, 168, 473 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01/urls.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 478, 192, 487 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 478, 193, 488 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 478, 193, 488 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import admin", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 494, 177, 503 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 493, 177, 504 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 493, 177, 504 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.urls import path", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 510, 149, 518 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 510, 149, 519 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 510, 149, 519 ], "type": "text", "content": "from . import views", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 541, 133, 550 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 540, 135, 551 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 540, 135, 551 ], "type": "text", "content": "urlpatterns = [", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 556, 207, 565 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 556, 208, 566 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 556, 208, 566 ], "type": "text", "content": "path('add_book/', views.add_book),", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 573, 93, 581 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 572, 94, 583 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 572, 94, 583 ], "type": "text", "content": "]", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 587, 174, 597 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 587, 174, 597 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 587, 174, 597 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式一：模型类实例化对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 618, 199, 629 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 618, 201, 629 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 618, 201, 629 ], "type": "text", "content": "需从 app 目录引入 models.py 文件：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 650, 179, 659 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 650, 180, 660 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 650, 180, 660 ], "type": "text", "content": "from app 目录 import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 666, 286, 675 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 666, 286, 675 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 666, 286, 675 ], "type": "text", "content": "并且实例化对象后要执行 对象.save() 才能在数据库中新增成功。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 697, 173, 706 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 697, 174, 707 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 697, 174, 707 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01/views.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 712, 246, 721 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 712, 248, 722 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 712, 248, 722 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 728, 171, 737 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 728, 172, 738 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 728, 172, 738 ], "type": "text", "content": "from app01 import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 743, 162, 753 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 744, 163, 754 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 744, 163, 754 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 35 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 79, 381, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 79, 382, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 79, 113, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "book", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 82, 120, 89 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.68 }, { "bbox": [ 120, 79, 173, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book(title", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 173, 81, 180, 89 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "! = \"", "score": 0.51 }, { "bbox": [ 181, 79, 382, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "菜鸟教程\",price=300,publish=\"菜鸟出版社\",pub_date=\"2008-8-8\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 96, 134, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 94, 136, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 94, 136, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "book.save()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 111, 247, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 111, 248, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 111, 164, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 164, 113, 179, 121 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\" < p >", "score": 0.61 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 111, 226, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据添加成功！", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 226, 112, 244, 121 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "< / { \\mathsf { p } } > \"", "score": 0.56 }, { "bbox": [ 245, 111, 248, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": ")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 301, 136 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 301, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 301, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式二：通过 ORM 提供的 objects 提供的方法create 来实现（推荐）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 173, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 174, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 174, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01/views.py: 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 246, 183 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 248, 185 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 248, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 171, 198 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 172, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 172, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "from app01 import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 162, 214 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 163, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 163, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 221, 440, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 221, 441, 232 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 221, 116, 232 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 222, 123, 228 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 221, 441, 232 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.create(title=\"如来神掌\",price=200,publish=\"功夫出版社\",pub_date=\"2010-10-10\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 236, 234, 245 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 236, 235, 247 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 236, 235, 247 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books)) # Book object (18)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 252, 246, 261 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 252, 248, 263 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 252, 248, 263 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"

数据添加成功！

\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 285, 119, 301 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 282, 121, 306 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 282, 121, 306 ], "type": "text", "content": "查找", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 337, 231, 349 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 337, 232, 352 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 337, 232, 352 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用 all() 方法来查询所有内容。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 352, 504, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 352, 505, 366 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 352, 505, 366 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据，类似于 list，里面放的是一个个模型类的对象，可用索引下", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 369, 190, 381 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 369, 190, 381 ], "type": "text", "content": "标取出模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 384, 160, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 383, 161, 398 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 383, 161, 398 ], "type": "text", "content": "（for I in books）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 401, 202, 410 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 400, 203, 411 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 400, 116, 411 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 402, 123, 408 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 400, 203, 411 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.all()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 416, 382, 425 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 417, 384, 426 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 417, 384, 426 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books,type(books)) # QuerySet 类型，类似于 list，访问 url 时数据显示在命令行窗口中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 450, 221, 467 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 449, 223, 469 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 449, 223, 469 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询符合条件的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 503, 124, 512 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 502, 126, 513 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 502, 126, 513 ], "type": "text", "content": "filter() 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 518, 444, 528 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 518, 445, 528 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 518, 445, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据，类似于 list，里面放的是满足条件的模型类的对象，可用索引下标取出模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 550, 240, 559 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 242, 560 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 550, 242, 560 ], "type": "text", "content": "pk=3 的意思是主键 primary key=3，相当于 id=3。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 581, 327, 591 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 580, 329, 591 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 580, 329, 591 ], "type": "text", "content": "因为 id 在 pycharm 里有特殊含义，是看内存地址的内置函数 id()，因此用 pk。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 94, 611, 224, 621 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 611, 224, 622 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 611, 116, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 613, 123, 619 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.72 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 611, 224, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(pk=5)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 628, 135, 636 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 627, 136, 638 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 627, 136, 638 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 643, 195, 652 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 644, 195, 653 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 644, 195, 653 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(\"//////////////////////////////////////\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 659, 307, 668 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 658, 308, 669 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 658, 116, 669 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 661, 123, 666 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 658, 308, 669 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(publish='菜鸟出版社', price=300)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 675, 270, 684 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 674, 271, 684 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 674, 271, 684 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books)) # QuerySet 类型，类似于 list。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 36 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 235, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 236, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 236, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询不符合条件的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 137, 135, 147 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 136, 148 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 136, 148 ], "type": "text", "content": "exclude() 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 153, 451, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 452, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 452, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据，类似于 list，里面放的是不满足条件的模型类的对象，可用索引下标取出模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "type": "text", "content": "books " }, { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 235, 178 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.Book.objectsexclude(pk=5)" } ] } ], "index": 3, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 3, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 184, 135, 193 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 183, 136, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 183, 136, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 95, 200, 195, 209 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 200, 195, 209 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 200, 195, 209 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 200, 195, 209 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(\"|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||\")" } ] } ], "index": 5, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 5, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 215, 318, 225 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 215, 319, 226 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 215, 116, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 217, 123, 223 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 215, 319, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.exclude(publish='菜鸟出版社', price=300)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 231, 271, 241 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 231, 271, 242 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 231, 271, 242 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books)) # QuerySet 类型，类似于 list。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 265, 155, 283 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 264, 158, 284 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 264, 158, 284 ], "type": "text", "content": "get() 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 317, 500, 327 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 317, 499, 327 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 317, 499, 327 ], "type": "text", "content": "用于查询符合条件的返回模型类的对象符合条件的对象只能为一个，如果符合筛选条件的对象超过了一个或者没有一个都会抛出错误。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "type": "text", "content": "books " }, { "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 333, 221, 343 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.Book.objects.get(pk=5)" } ] } ], "index": 10, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 10, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 349, 318, 358 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 349, 319, 359 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 349, 116, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 350, 123, 357 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 349, 201, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.get", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 202, 349, 223, 358 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "{ \\tt p k } { = } 1 8", "score": 0.53 }, { "bbox": [ 223, 349, 319, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": ") # 报错，没有符合条件的对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 95, 364, 343, 374 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 364, 343, 374 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 364, 343, 374 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 364, 343, 374 ], "type": "text", "content": "books = models.Book.objects.get(price=200) # 报错，符合条件的对象超过一个" } ] } ], "index": 12, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 12, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "txt" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 380, 227, 390 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 380, 227, 390 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 380, 227, 390 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books)) # 模型类的对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 414, 118, 430 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 413, 120, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 413, 120, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "排序", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 466, 122, 476 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 465, 124, 477 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 465, 124, 477 ], "type": "text", "content": "order_by()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 481, 436, 491 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 482, 437, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 482, 437, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet类型数据，类似于list，里面放的是排序后的模型类的对象，可用索引下标取出模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 513, 107, 522 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 512, 108, 523 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 512, 108, 523 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 544, 192, 569 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 544, 174, 553 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 544, 174, 554 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 544, 174, 554 ], "type": "text", "content": "a、参数的字段名要加引号。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 192, 569 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 560, 192, 569 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 560, 192, 569 ], "type": "text", "content": "b、降序为在字段前面加个负号-。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 576, 343, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 576, 343, 585 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 576, 116, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 577, 123, 583 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 576, 343, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.order_by(\"price\") # 查询所有，按照价格升序排列", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 591, 345, 601 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 591, 345, 601 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 591, 116, 601 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 592, 123, 599 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.77 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 591, 345, 601 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.order_by(\"-price\") # 查询所有，按照价格降序排列", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 626, 220, 641 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 625, 220, 644 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 625, 220, 644 ], "type": "text", "content": "对查询结果进行反转。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 677, 135, 687 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 135, 687 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 677, 135, 687 ], "type": "text", "content": "reverse() 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 692, 438, 703 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 693, 439, 702 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 693, 439, 702 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySe t类型数据，类似于 list，里面放的是反转后的模型类的对象，可用索引下标取出模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 724, 202, 734 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 725, 201, 733 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 725, 201, 733 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 按照价格升序排列：降序再反转", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 740, 276, 749 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 739, 276, 751 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 739, 116, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 741, 123, 747 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 739, 276, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.order_by(\"-price\").reverse()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 37 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 189, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 189, 102 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 84, 189, 102 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询数据的数量", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 136, 180, 149 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 137, 179, 148 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 137, 179, 148 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的数据是整数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 128, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 152, 129, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 152, 129, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "count() 方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 285, 179 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 169, 284, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 169, 116, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 170, 123, 176 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 169, 284, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.count() # 查询所有数据的数量", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 184, 349, 195 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 185, 349, 194 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 185, 116, 194 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 186, 123, 192 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 185, 349, 194 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(price=200).count() # 查询符合条件数据的数量", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 200, 324, 210 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 324, 210 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 324, 210 ], "type": "text", "content": "first() 方法返回第一条数据返回的数据是模型类的对象也可以用索引下标 [0]。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 215, 299, 225 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 216, 299, 225 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 216, 116, 225 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 217, 123, 223 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 216, 299, 225 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.first() # 返回所有数据的第一条数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 231, 393, 241 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 393, 240 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 393, 240 ], "type": "text", "content": "last() 方法返回最后一条数据返回的数据是模型类的对象不能用索引下标[-1]，ORM 没有逆序索引。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 246, 306, 256 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 247, 306, 256 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 247, 116, 256 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 248, 123, 254 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 247, 306, 256 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.last() # 返回所有数据的最后一条数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 281, 175, 297 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 280, 176, 299 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 280, 176, 299 ], "type": "text", "content": "是否存在数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 333, 284, 343 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 333, 284, 343 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 333, 284, 343 ], "type": "text", "content": "exists() 方法用于判断查询的结果 QuerySet 列表里是否有数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 364, 242, 374 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 242, 374 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 242, 374 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的数据类型是布尔，有为 true，没有为 false。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 395, 336, 405 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 396, 336, 405 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 396, 336, 405 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：判断的数据类型只能为 QuerySet 类型数据，不能为整型和模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 426, 214, 436 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 426, 214, 436 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 426, 116, 436 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 428, 123, 433 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.72 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 426, 214, 436 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.exists()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 442, 298, 452 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 443, 297, 451 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 443, 297, 451 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 报错，判断的数据类型只能为QuerySet类型数据，不能为整型", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 457, 238, 467 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 456, 238, 469 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 456, 116, 469 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 459, 123, 465 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 456, 238, 469 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.count().exists()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 473, 318, 483 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 474, 318, 482 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 474, 318, 482 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 报错，判断的数据类型只能为QuerySet类型数据，不能为模型类对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 489, 232, 498 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 488, 232, 499 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 488, 116, 499 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 491, 123, 497 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.77 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 488, 232, 499 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.first().exists()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 147, 539 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 147, 541 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 523, 147, 541 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 576, 211, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 576, 211, 585 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 576, 211, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "values() 方法用于查询部分字段的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 606, 486, 616 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 606, 487, 617 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 606, 487, 617 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据，类似于 list，里面不是模型类的对象，而是一个可迭代的字典序列，字典里的键是字段，值是数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 638, 107, 647 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 637, 108, 648 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 637, 108, 648 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 669, 160, 678 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 669, 160, 678 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 669, 160, 678 ], "type": "text", "content": "参数的字段名要加引号", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 685, 175, 694 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 684, 176, 694 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 684, 176, 694 ], "type": "text", "content": "想要字段名和数据用 values", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 700, 250, 709 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 699, 251, 710 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 699, 116, 710 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 702, 123, 708 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 699, 251, 710 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.values(\"pk\",\"price\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 716, 336, 725 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 716, 337, 725 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 716, 337, 725 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books[0][\"price\"],type(books)) # 得到的是第一条记录的 price 字段的数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 38 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 158, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 84, 161, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 84, 161, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询数据 2", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 137, 227, 147 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 227, 148 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 227, 148 ], "type": "text", "content": "values_list() 方法用于查询部分字段的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 153, 465, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 466, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 153, 466, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据，类似于 list，里面不是模型类的对象，而是一个个元组，元组里放的是查询字段对应的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 168, 108, 178 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 109, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 109, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 184, 202, 208 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 184, 196, 193 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 185, 196, 193 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 187, 111, 190 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 185, 196, 193 ], "type": "text", "content": "参数的字段名要加引号", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 200, 202, 208 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 199, 204, 210 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 201, 111, 206 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.9 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 199, 204, 210 ], "type": "text", "content": "只想要数据用 values_list", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 95, 215, 277, 224 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 215, 279, 226 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 215, 116, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 216, 123, 222 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 215, 279, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.values_list(\"price\",\"publish\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 231, 136, 240 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 230, 138, 242 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 230, 138, 242 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 246, 321, 256 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 247, 322, 256 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 247, 322, 256 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books[0][0],type(books)) # 得到的是第一条记录的 price 字段的数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 281, 119, 296 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 279, 120, 300 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 279, 120, 300 ], "type": "text", "content": "去重", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 333, 202, 343 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 202, 343 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 333, 202, 343 ], "type": "text", "content": "distinct() 方法用于对数据进行去重。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 349, 183, 358 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 183, 359 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 349, 183, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的是 QuerySet 类型数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 364, 108, 374 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 109, 375 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 364, 109, 375 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 380, 339, 405 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 380, 339, 389 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 381, 339, 389 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 382, 111, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.678 }, { "bbox": [ 125, 381, 339, 389 ], "type": "text", "content": "对模型类的对象去重没有意义，因为每个对象都是一个不一样的存在。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 395, 280, 405 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 395, 282, 406 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 395, 282, 406 ], "type": "text", "content": "distinct() 一般是联合 values 或者 values_list 使用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 426, 163, 436 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 426, 164, 436 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 426, 164, 436 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 442, 181, 451 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 443, 181, 451 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 443, 181, 451 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 查询一共有多少个出版社", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 94, 457, 504, 467 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 457, 505, 468 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 457, 116, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 460, 123, 465 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 457, 505, 468 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.values_list(\"publish\").distinct() # 对模型类的对象去重没有意义，因为每个对象都是一个不一样的存在。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 473, 218, 482 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 471, 218, 484 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 471, 116, 484 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 475, 124, 481 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 471, 218, 484 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.distinct()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 507, 245, 524 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 506, 246, 525 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 506, 246, 525 ], "type": "text", "content": "基于双下划线的模糊查询", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 560, 183, 569 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 559, 184, 570 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 559, 184, 570 ], "type": "text", "content": "filter() 方法（exclude 同理）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 575, 368, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 576, 369, 585 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 576, 209, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：filter 中运算符号只能使用等于号", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 210, 576, 217, 584 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.69 }, { "bbox": [ 217, 576, 273, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "，不能使用大于号", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 273, 576, 280, 584 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": ">", "score": 0.6 }, { "bbox": [ 280, 576, 308, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "，小于号", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 309, 576, 315, 584 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "<", "score": 0.56 }, { "bbox": [ 316, 576, 369, 585 ], "type": "text", "content": "，等等其他符号。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 591, 207, 600 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 591, 207, 601 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 591, 152, 601 ], "type": "text", "content": "_in 用于读取区间，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 152, 592, 159, 599 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 159, 591, 207, 601 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为列表 。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 606, 330, 617 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 606, 331, 617 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 606, 133, 617 ], "type": "text", "content": "_gt 大于号 ，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 133, 608, 141, 614 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 141, 606, 243, 617 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为数字。__gte 大于等于，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 244, 608, 251, 614 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 251, 606, 331, 617 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为数字。__lt,__lte", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 622, 291, 632 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 622, 292, 632 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 622, 202, 632 ], "type": "text", "content": "_range 在 ... 之间，左闭右闭区间，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 203, 624, 210, 630 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.8 }, { "bbox": [ 210, 622, 292, 632 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为两个元素的列表。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 638, 207, 647 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 638, 208, 647 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 638, 147, 647 ], "type": "text", "content": "_contains 包含，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 147, 639, 154, 645 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.65 }, { "bbox": [ 155, 638, 208, 647 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 653, 258, 663 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 654, 258, 662 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 654, 198, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "_icontains 不区分大小写的包含，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 198, 655, 205, 661 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 205, 654, 258, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 669, 246, 678 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 669, 248, 679 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 94, 669, 186, 679 ], "type": "text", "content": "_startswith 以指定字符开头，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 186, 670, 193, 677 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.71 }, { "bbox": [ 193, 669, 248, 679 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 684, 244, 694 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 684, 245, 694 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 684, 183, 694 ], "type": "text", "content": "_endswith 以指定字符结尾，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 184, 686, 191, 692 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.79 }, { "bbox": [ 191, 684, 245, 694 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 700, 314, 710 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 699, 315, 711 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 699, 208, 711 ], "type": "text", "content": "_year 是 DateField 数据类型的年份，", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 208, 702, 215, 708 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 215, 699, 315, 711 ], "type": "text", "content": "号后面为数字。__day/__month", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 39 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 119, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 84, 121, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 84, 121, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "删除", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 137, 205, 147 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 205, 148 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 137, 205, 148 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式一：使用模型类的 对象.delete()。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 153, 226, 162 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 153, 226, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 153, 226, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：元组，第一个元素为受影响的行数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 168, 255, 178 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 257, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 168, 257, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "books=models.Book.objects.filter(pk=8).first().delete()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 184, 239, 194 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 183, 239, 195 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 183, 239, 195 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式二：使用 QuerySet 类型数据.delete()(推荐)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 200, 226, 209 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 200, 226, 209 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 200, 226, 209 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：元组，第一个元素为受影响的行数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 215, 261, 225 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 214, 261, 226 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 214, 261, 226 ], "type": "text", "content": "books=models.Book.objects.filter(pk__in=[1,2]).delete()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 231, 503, 272 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 231, 503, 256 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 232, 504, 240 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 232, 504, 240 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. Django 删除数据时，会模仿 SQL约束 ON DELETE CASCADE 的行为，也就是删除一个对象时也会删除与它相关联的", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 246, 158, 257 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 246, 158, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "外键对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 262, 487, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 262, 487, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 264, 113, 268 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.702 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 262, 487, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "b. delete() 方法是 QuerySet 数据类型的方法，但并不适用于 Manager 本身。也就是想要删除所有数据，不能不写 all。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 278, 231, 287 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 232, 288 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 232, 288 ], "type": "text", "content": "books=models.Book.objects.delete() # 报错", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 293, 266, 303 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 292, 267, 304 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 292, 217, 304 ], "type": "text", "content": "books=models.Book.objects.all().delete()", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 230, 293, 267, 302 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 删除成功", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 327, 119, 343 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 324, 121, 347 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 324, 121, 347 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 380, 114, 389 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 379, 116, 391 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 379, 116, 391 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式一：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 413, 306, 431 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 412, 307, 432 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 412, 205, 432 ], "type": "text", "content": "模型类的对象.属性", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 206, 415, 219, 428 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.85 }, { "bbox": [ 220, 412, 307, 432 ], "type": "text", "content": "更改的属性值", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 466, 154, 476 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 465, 154, 476 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 465, 154, 476 ], "type": "text", "content": "模型类的对象.save()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 482, 184, 491 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 482, 184, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 482, 184, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：编辑的模型类的对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 497, 234, 507 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 497, 234, 507 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 497, 234, 507 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k s} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r} (\\mathrm {p k} = 7). \\text {f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "fc7d89fc8ea84557914ba9e46bca67e5d5bf02f50cd0f88b0e1ac05676caa516.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 17 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 513, 145, 522 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 513, 145, 522 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 513, 145, 522 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k s . p r i c e} = 4 0 0", "image_path": "0f917cfef6ef803be7974ce3fc37fe598f54c058b8efa1cadfe6c982686a3191.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 18 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 528, 130, 538 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 528, 130, 538 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 528, 130, 538 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\mathsf {b o o k s . s a v e ()}", "image_path": "db6352a8096c8c7d2fd044e72ff86e9983a034fcd5f2e297052e5d72da7ab12b.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 19 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 544, 289, 554 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 544, 290, 555 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 544, 222, 555 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式二：QuerySet 类型数据.update(字段名", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 223, 545, 229, 552 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\mathbf { \\tau } = \\mathbf { \\dot { \\tau } }", "score": 0.59 }, { "bbox": [ 229, 544, 290, 555 ], "type": "text", "content": "更改的数据)（推荐）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 181, 569 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 560, 182, 569 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 560, 182, 569 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：整数，受影响的行数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 576, 104, 585 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 105, 586 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 575, 105, 586 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 591, 250, 600 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 590, 251, 601 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 590, 251, 601 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 606, 175, 615 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 606, 176, 617 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 606, 176, 617 ], "type": "text", "content": "from app01 import models", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 622, 163, 631 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 621, 164, 632 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 621, 164, 632 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 638, 306, 647 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 637, 307, 648 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 637, 116, 648 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 640, 123, 645 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 637, 307, 648 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(pk__in=[7,8]).update(price=888)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 669, 141, 678 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 669, 141, 678 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 669, 141, 678 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM - 添加数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 684, 170, 694 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 682, 171, 696 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 682, 171, 696 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多(外键 ForeignKey)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 700, 279, 709 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 701, 279, 709 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 701, 279, 709 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式一: 传对象的形式，返回值的数据类型是对象，书籍对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 716, 107, 724 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 715, 108, 726 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 715, 108, 726 ], "type": "text", "content": "步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 731, 260, 756 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 731, 183, 740 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 732, 183, 741 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 734, 112, 738 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 732, 183, 741 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 获取出版社对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 746, 260, 756 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 746, 261, 756 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 750, 111, 752 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 746, 261, 756 ], "type": "text", "content": "b. 给书籍的出版社属性pulish 传出版社对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 40 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 174, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 176, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 176, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01/views.py 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 163, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 164, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 164, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 111, 155, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 112, 155, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 112, 155, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 获取出版社对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 127, 255, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 126, 256, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 126, 122, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "pub_ob", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 122, 128, 130, 135 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.71 }, { "bbox": [ 130, 126, 256, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=1).first()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 142, 236, 153 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 143, 236, 152 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 143, 236, 152 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 给书籍的出版社属性publish传出版社对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 158, 427, 169 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 158, 428, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 158, 113, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "book", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 160, 120, 166 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.69 }, { "bbox": [ 120, 158, 275, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.create(title=\"菜鸟教程\", price", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 275, 159, 292, 168 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\scriptstyle \\sum 0 0", "score": 0.56 }, { "bbox": [ 292, 158, 324, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": ", pub_date", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 324, 159, 330, 166 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\cdot = \"", "score": 0.59 }, { "bbox": [ 331, 158, 428, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "2010-10-10\", publish=pub_obj)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 170, 184 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 171, 184 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 174, 171, 184 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(book, type(book))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 190, 184, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 189, 185, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 189, 185, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(book)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 205, 331, 215 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 332, 216 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 204, 332, 216 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式二: 传对象 id 的形式(由于传过来的数据一般是 id,所以传对象 id 是常用的)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 221, 351, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 90, 222, 352, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 90, 222, 352, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多中，设置外键属性的类(多的表)中，MySQL 中显示的字段名是:外键属性名_id。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 236, 205, 245 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 238, 205, 245 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 238, 205, 245 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值的数据类型是对象，书籍对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 107, 261 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 108, 263 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 108, 263 ], "type": "text", "content": "步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 267, 298, 292 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 267, 196, 276 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 268, 198, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 269, 111, 274 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.9 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 268, 198, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 获取出版社对象的 id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 283, 298, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 284, 298, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 286, 112, 289 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 284, 298, 292 ], "type": "text", "content": "b. 给书籍的关联出版社字段pulish_id 传出版社对象的 id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 298, 267, 308 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 267, 308 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 267, 308 ], "type": "text", "content": "多对多(ManyToManyField)：在第三张关系表中新增数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 188, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 189, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 189, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式一: 传对象形式，无返回值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 330, 107, 338 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 108, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 108, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 345, 287, 386 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 345, 176, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 346, 176, 354 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 348, 111, 351 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 346, 176, 354 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 获取作者对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 361, 176, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 361, 176, 370 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 363, 111, 367 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.658 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 361, 176, 370 ], "type": "text", "content": "b. 获取书籍对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 376, 287, 386 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 377, 287, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 379, 111, 382 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 377, 287, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": "c. 给书籍对象的 authors 属性用 add 方法传作者对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 391, 196, 401 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 392, 196, 401 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 392, 196, 401 ], "type": "text", "content": "方式二: 传对象id形式，无返回值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 407, 107, 417 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 108, 418 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 108, 418 ], "type": "text", "content": "步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 423, 301, 464 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 423, 190, 432 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 423, 191, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 426, 111, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 423, 191, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 获取作者对象的 id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 439, 176, 447 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 439, 176, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 441, 112, 445 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.82 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 439, 176, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "b. 获取书籍对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 454, 301, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 454, 302, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 454, 302, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "c. 给书籍对象的 authors 属性用 add 方法传作者对象的 id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 470, 174, 480 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 176, 481 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 176, 481 ], "type": "text", "content": "app01/views.py 文件代码：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 163, 495 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 164, 496 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 164, 496 ], "type": "text", "content": "def add_book(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 501, 148, 510 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 502, 148, 510 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 502, 148, 510 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 获取作者对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 517, 279, 527 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 517, 280, 528 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 517, 116, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "chong", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 518, 124, 525 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 517, 280, 528 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Author.objects.filter(name=\"令狐冲\").first()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 532, 161, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 533, 162, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 533, 162, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 获取作者对象的id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 548, 142, 556 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 547, 143, 558 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 547, 105, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "pk", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 105, 550, 112, 555 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.72 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 547, 143, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "chong.pk", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 564, 148, 572 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 564, 148, 572 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 564, 148, 572 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 获取书籍对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 579, 271, 588 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 579, 272, 590 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 579, 113, 590 ], "type": "text", "content": "book", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 113, 581, 120, 587 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.68 }, { "bbox": [ 120, 579, 212, 590 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(titl", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 213, 580, 218, 587 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\mathrel { \\mathop : } \\mathbf { \\overline { { \\mathbf { \\Lambda } } } }", "score": 0.57 }, { "bbox": [ 219, 579, 272, 590 ], "type": "text", "content": "\"冲灵剑法\").first()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 594, 273, 603 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 595, 274, 603 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 595, 274, 603 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 给书籍对象的 authors 属性用 add 方法传作者对象的 id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 610, 164, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 609, 164, 620 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 609, 164, 620 ], "type": "text", "content": "book.authors.add(pk)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 626, 158, 635 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 625, 158, 636 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 625, 158, 636 ], "type": "text", "content": "关联管理器(对象调用)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 641, 107, 650 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 39, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 640, 108, 652 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 640, 108, 652 ], "type": "text", "content": "前提：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 656, 311, 682 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 42, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 656, 220, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 40, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 657, 219, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 660, 111, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 657, 219, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "多对多（双向均有关联管理器）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 672, 311, 682 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 41, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 673, 311, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 675, 110, 678 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 673, 311, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多（只有多的那个类的对象有关联管理器，即反向才有）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 121, 698 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 43, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 122, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 122, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "语法格式：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 703, 132, 713 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 44, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 132, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 132, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：属性名", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 161, 729 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 45, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 719, 162, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 719, 162, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：小写类名加_set", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 735, 160, 744 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 46, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 735, 161, 745 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 735, 161, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：一对多只能反向", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 751, 121, 760 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 47, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 751, 123, 761 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 751, 123, 761 ], "type": "text", "content": "常用方法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 41 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 80, 314, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 314, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 314, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "add()：用于多对多，把指定的模型对象添加到关联对象集（关系表）中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 95, 381, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 383, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 383, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：add() 在一对多(即外键)中，只能传对象（ *QuerySet数据类型），不能传 id（*[id表]）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 112, 124, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 126, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 126, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "*[ ] 的使用:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 145, 136 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 145, 136 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 145, 136 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 方式一：传对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 224, 152 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 224, 152 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 224, 152 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k} \\_ \\text {o b j} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . g e t (i d = 1 0)}", "image_path": "d56ee4c86568325d864d0a31c1f11c4c5a646b8fa6a24c5508d8de83a654f01e.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 4 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 158, 246, 168 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 158, 246, 168 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 158, 246, 168 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {a u t o r} = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t o r . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (i d \\_ g t = 2)}", "image_path": "42e44f97eabe1dc2cbe007beb2d33e8eae4f45807cb45fbd8f8a2b2323fd276b.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 5 }, { "bbox": [ 86, 174, 362, 184 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 362, 183 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 362, 183 ], "type": "text", "content": "book_obj.authors.add(*author_list) # 将 id 大于 2 的作者对象添加到这本书的作者集合中", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 190, 152, 198 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 152, 199 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 152, 199 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 方式二：传对象id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 205, 352, 215 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 354, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 354, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "book_obj.authors.add(*[1,3]) # 将 id=1 和 id=3 的作者对象添加到这本书的作者集合中", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 221, 174, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 219, 174, 231 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 219, 174, 231 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"ok\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 236, 154, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 154, 246 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 154, 246 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：小写表名_set", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 265, 262 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 265, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 265, 262 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "y i n g = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t h o r . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r} (\\text {n a m e} = ^ {\\prime \\prime} \\text {任 盈 盈} ^ {\\prime \\prime}). \\text {f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "70f231bec2a80631a4c6676abfeddf00a003a605aaa3d71dd45d3338c1765795.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 11 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 263, 277 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 263, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 263, 277 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (t i t l e = ＂ 冲 灵 剑 法 ＂) . f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "0240a07293fce298184f72d18b3ce7853709900e7b3a444043c58e6eba1a6a38.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 12 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 283, 167, 292 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 283, 167, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 283, 167, 292 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {y i n g . b o o k \\_ s e t . a d d (b o o k)}", "image_path": "68223dbe76a8e10f070b148b4d74280836be2efb9a0baa4774d55c00954cbae6.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 13 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 186, 324 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 312, 186, 325 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 312, 186, 325 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 正向查询（Forward Query）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 330, 105, 338 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 328, 105, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 328, 105, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 344, 273, 370 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 344, 273, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 344, 275, 355 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 348, 111, 351 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 344, 275, 355 ], "type": "text", "content": "从“持有外键的模型”访问“被关联的模型”。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 360, 223, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 360, 224, 371 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 363, 111, 367 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 360, 224, 371 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用属性名直接访问关联对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 186, 386 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 374, 186, 388 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 374, 186, 388 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 反向查询（Reverse Query）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 392, 104, 401 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 105, 402 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 105, 402 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 407, 273, 433 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 407, 273, 417 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 407, 275, 418 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 411, 111, 413 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 407, 275, 418 ], "type": "text", "content": "从“被关联的模型”访问“持有外键的模型”。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 423, 265, 433 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 423, 265, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 426, 111, 429 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 423, 265, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "默认使用小写类名_set 作为关联管理器名称。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 439, 241, 449 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 439, 242, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 439, 242, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "remove()：从关联对象集中移除执行的模型对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 454, 337, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 339, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 339, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "对于 ForeignKey 对象，这个方法仅在 null=True（可以为空）时存在，无返回值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 470, 104, 479 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 105, 481 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 105, 481 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 227, 495 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 227, 495 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 227, 495 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {a u t o r} = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t h o r . o b j e c t s . g e t (i d = 1)}", "image_path": "fb270fcf57b2e290c2edb9b562db20088f0d2adae0d65c9a375938493764fa93.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 27 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 224, 510 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 224, 510 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 224, 510 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k} \\_ \\text {o b j} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . g e t (i d = 1 1)}", "image_path": "4026222efcdaca598f9a968f93e1cf4be6211422ca2110470e125dc99a7a2481.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 28 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 517, 212, 526 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 517, 212, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 517, 212, 526 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {a t h o r} \\quad \\text {o b j . b o o k} \\quad \\text {s e t . r e m o v e} (\\text {b o o k} \\quad \\text {o b j})", "image_path": "82085a5b7734a85b367d97b9b65e7db3abfffb8588626a2e511204b330427821.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 29 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 532, 296, 542 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 533, 296, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 533, 296, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "clear()：从关联对象集中移除一切对象，删除关联，不会删除对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 548, 303, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 304, 558 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 304, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "对于 ForeignKey 对象，这个方法仅在 null=True（可以为空）时存在。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 564, 121, 572 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 564, 122, 572 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 564, 122, 572 ], "type": "text", "content": "无返回值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 579, 189, 588 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 580, 188, 588 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 580, 188, 588 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 清空独孤九剑关联的所有作者", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 263, 604 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 263, 604 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 263, 604 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (t i t l e} = \\text {＂ 菜 鸟 教 程 ＂) . f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "7baba95449cf64632b073e8451b04d66d26a048231befdf5b1cdc6bae7659411.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 34 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 152, 619 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 152, 619 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 152, 619 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k . a u t h o r s . c l e a r ()}", "image_path": "4016f64b976c8d90b410ec2fa430152a2b8d93b434ca2b84ea77c6344e25aa42.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 35 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 626, 122, 634 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 625, 124, 635 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 625, 124, 635 ], "type": "text", "content": "ORM 查询", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 641, 156, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 641, 157, 651 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 641, 157, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "基于对象的跨表查询。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 657, 139, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 140, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 140, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：属性名称", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 672, 152, 682 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 39, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 672, 154, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 672, 154, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：小写类名_set", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 688, 111, 698 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 40, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 113, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 113, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 703, 247, 713 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 41, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 704, 248, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 704, 248, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询主键为 1 的书籍的出版社所在的城市（正向）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 104, 729 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 42, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 105, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 105, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 735, 235, 760 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 735, 235, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 735, 235, 760 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\begin{array}{l} \\text {b o o k} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (p k = 1 0) . f i r s t ()} \\\\ \\mathrm {r e s} = \\text {b o o k . p u b l i s h . c i t y} \\\\ \\end{array}", "image_path": "c5b0ce11005726d00766646118865cd52ba65dd0d2671caf9660bbb808f40dff.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 43 } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 42 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 211, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 212, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 212, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询明教出版社出版的书籍名（反向）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 312, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 96, 313, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 96, 313, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：对象.小写类名_set(pub.book_set) 可以跳转到关联的表(书籍表)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 395, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 396, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 396, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "pub.book_set.all()：取出书籍表的所有书籍对象，在一个 QuerySet 里，遍历取出一个个书籍对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 104, 136 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 105, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 105, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 280, 198 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 280, 198 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 280, 198 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\begin{array}{l} \\mathrm {p u b} = \\text {m o d e l s . P u b l i s h . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (n a m e = \" 明 教 出 版 社\")}. \\text {f i r s t ()} \\\\ \\operatorname {r e s} = \\operatorname {p u b}. \\operatorname {b o o k} _ {\\text {s e t}}. \\operatorname {a l l} () \\\\ f o r i \\text {i n} \\\\ \\mathbf {p r i n t} (i. t i l e) \\\\ \\end{array}", "image_path": "c476199b7cd2e33749abde48bc4d596f4bb28126f6714339febc01770feffb55.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 4 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 206, 111, 214 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 112, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 112, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对一", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 220, 169, 229 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 170, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 170, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询令狐冲的电话（正向）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 236, 301, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 302, 246 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 302, 246 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：对象.属性 (author.au_detail) 可以跳转到关联的表(作者详情表)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 252, 104, 260 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 105, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 105, 262 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 271, 277 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 271, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 271, 277 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {a u t h o r} = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t h o r . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (n a m e = \" 令 狐 冲\") . f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "caf120c07fa74354a9df98079154b8e11fb40df6efbd79131d0dc61145637437.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 9 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 167, 291 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 167, 291 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 167, 291 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\mathrm {r e s} = \\text {a u t h o r}.", "image_path": "782dc3f135a797056669a0428372934b56972148b14242407f64ed6b12bca116.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 10 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 151, 308 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 151, 308 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 151, 308 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\operatorname {p r i n t} (\\text {r e s}, \\text {t y p e} (\\text {r e s}))", "image_path": "36ea7268349795267049cad1ff91b54047aca5bad2d530728168b3d10e099d61.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 11 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 232, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 233, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 315, 233, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询所有住址在黑木崖的作者的姓名（反向）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 329, 252, 339 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 253, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 253, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对一的反向，用对象.小写类名即可，不用加_set。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 345, 286, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 345, 287, 355 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 345, 287, 355 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：对象.小写类名(addr.author)可以跳转到关联的表(作者表)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 361, 104, 370 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 105, 371 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 105, 371 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 280, 417 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 280, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 280, 417 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\begin{array}{l} \\text {a d d r} = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t h o r D e a t i l . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r} (\\text {a d d r} = ^ {\\prime \\prime} \\text {黑 木 崖}) ^ {\\prime \\prime}). \\text {f i r s t} () \\\\ \\text {r e s} = \\text {a d d r . a u t h o r . n a m e} \\\\ \\operatorname {p r i n t} (\\text {r e s}, \\text {t y p e} (\\text {r e s})) \\\\ \\end{array}", "image_path": "c6fba145eb89255591d4ccf14d3f9a2434f8c9f8433a673542ec975f0e81936f.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 16 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 111, 432 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 113, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 113, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "多对多", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 439, 232, 448 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 439, 233, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 439, 233, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "菜鸟教程所有作者的名字以及手机号（正向）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 454, 281, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 454, 282, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 454, 282, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：对象.属性(book.authors)可以跳转到关联的表(作者表)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 470, 378, 480 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 379, 479 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 379, 479 ], "type": "text", "content": "作者表里没有作者电话，因此再次通过对象.属性(i.au_detail)跳转到关联的表（作者详情表）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 104, 495 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 105, 497 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 105, 497 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 262, 511 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 262, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 262, 511 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {b o o k} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (t i t l e = \" 菜 鸟 教 程 ) . f i r s t ()}", "image_path": "07aac130929d87bb15a69d9b7239a6d0182c7c386dde69f66a81ac9862e986a9.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 22 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 161, 526 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 161, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 161, 526 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\mathrm {r e s} = \\text {b o o k . a u t h o r s . a l l ()}", "image_path": "cf4a473d2ad348e82a4c14c9ba50684a75aa034b27bc0828b9639a8d7e120c12.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 23 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 533, 124, 541 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 533, 124, 541 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 533, 124, 541 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "f o r i n \\text {r e s}:", "image_path": "815d75152ece8a6590b2a48f9288bb5205311dd6de47bb30c0ed549bd6e063b8.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 24 }, { "bbox": [ 96, 548, 184, 557 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 548, 184, 557 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 548, 184, 557 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {p r i n t} (\\mathrm {i . n a m e}, \\mathrm {i . a u} _ {\\text {d e t a l}}. \\text {t e l})", "image_path": "80a35abcbe2d1b0045801ea23518504d19841dc95dfe3a30bea49662c5c10a29.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 25 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 563, 226, 573 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 227, 573 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 227, 573 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询任我行出过的所有书籍的名字（反向）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 104, 587 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 105, 589 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 105, 589 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 271, 650 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 271, 650 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 271, 650 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\begin{array}{l} \\text {a u t h o r} = \\text {m o d e l s . A u t h o r . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (n a m e} = ^ {\\prime \\prime} \\text {任 我 行}) ^ {\\prime \\prime}. \\text {f i r s t ()} \\\\ \\operatorname {r e s} = \\text {a u t h o r . b o o k \\_ s e t . a l l ()} \\\\ f o r i n \\text {r e s}: \\\\ \\mathbf {p r i n t} (i. t i l e) \\\\ \\end{array}", "image_path": "027afd4c68f929d890e6680396e7ef3c74b9adcdc1d5b26b0c42e0a0490c8d21.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 28 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 656, 303, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 303, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 303, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：属性名称__跨表的属性名称反向：小写类名__跨表的属性名称", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 672, 111, 681 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 112, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 112, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 239, 698 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 689, 240, 697 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 689, 240, 697 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询菜鸟出版社出版过的所有书籍的名字与价格。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 704, 104, 713 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 105, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 105, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 362, 729 ], "type": "interline_equation", "angle": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 362, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 362, 729 ], "type": "interline_equation", "content": "\\text {r e s} = \\text {m o d e l s . B o o k . o b j e c t s . f i l t e r (p u b l i s h \\_ n a m e = \" 菜 鸟 出 版 社\") . v a l u e s \\_ l i s t (\"} t h i t e , \" p r i c e \")", "image_path": "f8b3087e0752d8c51be4dcb83795a20b5f7a15fcff3ba00d4801d215b95bbbb4.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 33 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 735, 303, 744 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 735, 304, 744 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 735, 304, 744 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：属性名称__跨表的属性名称反向：小写类名__跨表的属性名称", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 751, 111, 760 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 750, 112, 761 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 750, 112, 761 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对多", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 43 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 240, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 240, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 240, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询菜鸟出版社出版过的所有书籍的名字与价格。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 95, 104, 105 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 105, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 95, 105, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 111, 362, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 364, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 99, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 114, 107, 120 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.69 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 111, 364, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(publish__name=\"菜鸟出版社\").values_list(\"title\", \"price\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 127, 357, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 358, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 126, 358, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：通过 小写类名__跨表的属性名称（book__title，book__price）跨表获取数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 104, 152 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 105, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 105, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 158, 383, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 385, 170 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 158, 99, 170 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 160, 107, 167 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.68 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 158, 385, 170 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Publish.objects.filter(name=\"菜鸟出版社\").values_list(\"book__title\",\"book__price\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 173, 183 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 173, 174, 185 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 173, 174, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"ok\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 189, 111, 198 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 188, 113, 199 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 188, 113, 199 ], "type": "text", "content": "多对多", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 205, 198, 214 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 206, 198, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 206, 198, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询任我行出过的所有书籍的名字。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 220, 312, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 312, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 312, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：通过 属性名称__跨表的属性名称(authors__name) 跨表获取数据：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 236, 326, 246 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 327, 247 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 235, 99, 247 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 238, 107, 244 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.68 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 235, 327, 247 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter(authors__name=\"任我行\").values_list(\"title\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 306, 262 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 253, 306, 261 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 253, 306, 261 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：通过 小写类名__跨表的属性名称（book__title） 跨表获取数据：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 322, 277 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 266, 323, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 266, 99, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 269, 107, 275 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.71 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 266, 323, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Author.objects.filter(name=\"任我行\").values_list(\"book__title\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 283, 111, 291 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 282, 112, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 282, 112, 292 ], "type": "text", "content": "一对一", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 298, 155, 307 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 299, 157, 308 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 299, 157, 308 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询任我行的手机号。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 313, 309, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 314, 309, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 314, 309, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "正向：通过属性名称__跨表的属性名称(au_detail__tel) 跨表获取数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 329, 332, 339 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 332, 341 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 99, 341 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 332, 107, 338 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.72 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 329, 332, 341 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Author.objects.filter(name=\"任我行\").values_list(\"au_detail__tel\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 345, 320, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 345, 320, 355 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 345, 320, 355 ], "type": "text", "content": "反向：通过小写类名__跨表的属性名称（author__name）跨表获取数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 360, 341, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 342, 372 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 99, 372 ], "type": "text", "content": "res", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 99, 363, 107, 369 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.63 }, { "bbox": [ 107, 359, 342, 372 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.AuthorDetail.objects.filter(author__name=\"任我行\").values_list(\"tel\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 227, 386 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 376, 227, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 376, 227, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django ORM – 多表实例（聚合与分组查询）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 391, 161, 401 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 162, 403 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 162, 403 ], "type": "text", "content": "聚合查询（aggregate）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 407, 246, 417 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 247, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 247, 417 ], "type": "text", "content": "聚合查询函数是对一组值执行计算，并返回单个值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 423, 408, 433 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 409, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 423, 409, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 使用聚合查询前要先从 django.db.models 引入 Avg、Max、Min、Count、Sum（首字母大写）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 439, 303, 448 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 304, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 304, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db.models import Avg,Max,Min,Count,Sum # 引入函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 454, 198, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 455, 198, 464 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 455, 198, 464 ], "type": "text", "content": "聚合查询返回值的数据类型是字典。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 470, 365, 480 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 366, 481 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 469, 366, 481 ], "type": "text", "content": "聚合函数 aggregate() 是 QuerySet 的一个终止子句， 生成的一个汇总值，相当于 count()。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 485, 369, 495 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 371, 496 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 371, 496 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用 aggregate() 后，数据类型就变为字典，不能再使用 QuerySet 数据类型的一些 API 了。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 501, 227, 510 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 501, 228, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 501, 228, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "日期数据类型(DateField)可以用 Max 和 Min。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 516, 367, 526 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 367, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 517, 367, 526 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回的字典中：键的名称默认是（属性名称加上__聚合函数名），值是计算出来的聚合值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 532, 240, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 533, 240, 541 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 533, 240, 541 ], "type": "text", "content": "如果要自定义返回字典的键的名称，可以起别名：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 548, 220, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 221, 558 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 137, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "aggregate(别名", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 138, 549, 144, 555 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.76 }, { "bbox": [ 145, 548, 221, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "聚合函数名(\"属性名称\"))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 579, 157, 588 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 579, 158, 589 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 579, 158, 589 ], "type": "text", "content": "分组查询（annotate）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 594, 447, 604 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 594, 448, 605 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 594, 448, 605 ], "type": "text", "content": "分组查询一般会用到聚合函数，所以使用前要先从 django.db.models 引入 Avg,Max,Min,Count,Sum（首字母大写）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 303, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 610, 304, 620 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 610, 304, 620 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db.models import Avg,Max,Min,Count,Sum # 引入函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 625, 114, 634 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 626, 115, 635 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 626, 115, 635 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 641, 373, 666 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 641, 361, 651 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 641, 361, 651 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 641, 361, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "分组后，用 values 取值，则返回值是 QuerySet 数据类型里面为一个个字典；", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 656, 373, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 657, 374, 667 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 660, 111, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 657, 374, 667 ], "type": "text", "content": "分组后，用 values_list 取值，则返回值是 QuerySet 数据类型里面为一个个元组。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 672, 285, 682 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 286, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 286, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "MySQL 中的 limit 相当于 ORM 中的 QuerySet 数据类型的切片。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 107, 698 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 39, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 108, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 108, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 703, 171, 713 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 40, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 704, 171, 713 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 704, 171, 713 ], "type": "text", "content": "annotate 里面放聚合函数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 719, 504, 760 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 43, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 719, 504, 744 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 41, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 719, 504, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 721, 94, 724 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 106, 719, 504, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "values 或者 values_list 放在 annotate 前面：values 或者 values_list 是声明以什么字段分组，annotate 执行分组。前者相当于", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 107, 735, 210, 744 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 735, 210, 744 ], "type": "text", "content": "GROUP BY,后者相当于聚合函数", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 750, 504, 760 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 42, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 751, 505, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 752, 94, 756 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 105, 751, 505, 760 ], "type": "text", "content": "values 或者 values_list 放在 annotate 后面： annotate 表示直接以当前表的 pk 执行分组，values 或者 values_list 表示查询哪", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 44 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 384, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 80, 386, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 80, 386, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "些字段， 并且要将 annotate 里的聚合函数起别名，在 values 或者 values_list 里写其别名。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 96, 279, 106 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 95, 280, 107 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 95, 280, 107 ], "type": "text", "content": "annotate 里相当于聚合函数，value 相当于 groupby 了", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "res " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.Publish.objects.values(\"name\"). annotate(in_price " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "\\equiv" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": " Min(\"book_price\")) \nprint(res) \nres " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": " models.Book.objects annotate(c " }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 111, 354, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": " Count(\"authors_name\").values(\"title\",\"c\") \nprint(res)" } ] } ], "index": 2, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 2, "sub_type": "algorithm" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 115, 184 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 116, 184 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 116, 184 ], "type": "text", "content": "F() 查询", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 189, 343, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 344, 199 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 344, 199 ], "type": "text", "content": "F() 的实例可以在查询中引用字段，来比较同一个 model 实例中两个不同字段的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 205, 411, 215 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 412, 216 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 205, 412, 216 ], "type": "text", "content": "之前构造的过滤器都只是将字段值与某个常量做比较，如果想要对两个字段的值做比较，就需要用到 F()。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 221, 213, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 213, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 221, 213, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要先从 django.db.models 引入 F:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 236, 189, 245 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 236, 190, 245 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 236, 190, 245 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db.models import F", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 252, 107, 261 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 108, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 251, 108, 262 ], "type": "text", "content": "用法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 132, 277 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 268, 133, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 268, 133, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "F(\"字段名称\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 282, 218, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 282, 218, 292 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 282, 218, 292 ], "type": "text", "content": "F 动态获取对象字段的值，可以进行运算。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 298, 324, 308 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 325, 309 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 298, 325, 309 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 支持 F() 对象之间以及 F() 对象和常数之间的加减乘除和取余的操作。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 218, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 218, 324 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 218, 324 ], "type": "text", "content": "修改操作（update）也可以使用 F() 函数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 329, 163, 339 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 330, 163, 339 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 330, 163, 339 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询工资大于年龄的人：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 345, 104, 354 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 344, 105, 356 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 344, 105, 356 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 360, 192, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 360, 193, 370 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 360, 193, 370 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db.models import F", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 379, 96, 384 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 381, 95, 385 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 381, 95, 385 ], "type": "text", "content": "...", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 391, 321, 401 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 323, 403 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 323, 403 ], "type": "text", "content": "book=models.Emp.objects.filter(salary__gt=F(\"age\")).values(\"name\",\"age\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 116, 417 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 117, 418 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 117, 418 ], "type": "text", "content": "Q() 查询", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 423, 214, 433 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 214, 434 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 214, 434 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要先从 django.db.models 引入 Q:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 190, 449 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 191, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 191, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.db.models import Q", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 107, 464 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 108, 465 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 108, 465 ], "type": "text", "content": "用法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 128, 496 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 129, 497 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 129, 497 ], "type": "text", "content": "Q(条件判断)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 107, 510 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 108, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 108, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "例如：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 533, 164, 543 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 532, 166, 543 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 532, 166, 543 ], "type": "text", "content": "Q(title__startswith=\"菜\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 547, 432, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 546, 434, 558 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 546, 434, 558 ], "type": "text", "content": "之前构造的过滤器里的多个条件的关系都是 and，如果需要执行更复杂的查询（例如 or 语句），就可以使用 Q 。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 579, 247, 589 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 248, 589 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 248, 589 ], "type": "text", "content": "Q 对象可以使用 & | ~ （与 或非）操作符进行组合。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 163, 620 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 609, 164, 621 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 609, 164, 621 ], "type": "text", "content": "优先级从高到低：~ & |。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 641, 504, 666 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 642, 505, 650 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 642, 505, 650 ], "type": "text", "content": "可以混合使用 Q 对象和关键字参数，Q 对象和关键字参数是用\"and\"拼在一起的（即将逗号看成 and ），但是 Q 对象必须位于所有关键", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 136, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 657, 136, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "字参数的前面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 687, 268, 698 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 688, 269, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 688, 269, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询价格大于 350 或者名称以菜开头的书籍的名称和价格。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 703, 296, 714 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 704, 298, 713 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 704, 298, 713 ], "type": "text", "content": "查询出版日期是 2004 或者1999 年，并且书名中包含有\"菜\"的书籍。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 719, 267, 729 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 720, 268, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 720, 268, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "Q 对象和关键字混合使用，Q 对象要在所有关键字的前面:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 45 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 85, 119, 101 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 83, 121, 104 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 83, 121, 104 ], "type": "text", "content": "总结", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 153, 185, 163 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 153, 186, 163 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 153, 186, 163 ], "type": "text", "content": "books=models.Book.objects", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 168, 174, 179 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 169, 174, 179 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 169, 174, 179 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books,type(books))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 181, 465, 196 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 180, 465, 197 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 180, 465, 197 ], "type": "text", "content": "TestModel.Book.objects ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 200, 433, 211 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 199, 433, 211 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 199, 108, 211 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 108, 201, 116, 208 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 199, 433, 211 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.create(title=\"如来神掌\",price=200,publish=\"功夫出版社\",pub_date=\"2010-10-10\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 96, 215, 234, 225 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 216, 235, 225 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 216, 235, 225 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books)) # Book object (18)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 229, 308, 243 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 229, 308, 243 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 229, 308, 243 ], "type": "text", "content": "Book object (7) ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 246, 202, 256 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 246, 203, 257 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 246, 116, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 248, 123, 254 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 246, 203, 257 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.all()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 262, 174, 272 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 262, 174, 272 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 262, 174, 272 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books,type(books))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 277, 433, 287 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 277, 433, 287 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 277, 188, 287 ], "type": "text", "content": "]> ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 292, 299, 303 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 294, 299, 303 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 294, 116, 303 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 295, 123, 301 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.73 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 294, 299, 303 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.first() # 返回所有数据的第一条数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 308, 176, 318 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 309, 176, 319 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 309, 176, 319 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books, type(books))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 324, 242, 333 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 324, 242, 334 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 324, 242, 334 ], "type": "text", "content": "Book object (1) ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 340, 111, 349 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 339, 113, 350 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 339, 113, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": "等同于", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 355, 301, 365 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 356, 301, 364 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 356, 116, 364 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 358, 123, 364 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.7 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 356, 301, 364 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.filter() # 返回所有数据的第一条数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 370, 191, 380 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 370, 191, 381 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 96, 370, 191, 381 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books[0], type(books[0]))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 386, 242, 396 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 386, 243, 396 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 386, 243, 396 ], "type": "text", "content": "Book object (1) ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 401, 243, 412 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 402, 243, 412 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 402, 108, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 108, 404, 116, 410 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.7 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 402, 243, 412 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.values(\"pk\",\"price\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 417, 304, 428 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 418, 305, 428 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 418, 305, 428 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books,type(books)) # 得到的是第一条记录的 price 字段的数据", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 433, 489, 443 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 433, 489, 444 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 433, 489, 444 ], "type": "text", "content": " ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 449, 278, 459 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 449, 279, 459 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 449, 116, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": "books", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 116, 450, 123, 456 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.75 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 449, 279, 459 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.Book.objects.values_list(\"price\",\"publish\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 95, 465, 174, 474 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 465, 174, 475 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 95, 465, 174, 475 ], "type": "text", "content": "print(books,type(books))", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 480, 505, 491 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 480, 506, 491 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 480, 506, 491 ], "type": "text", "content": " ", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 511, 252, 521 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 511, 253, 521 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 511, 253, 521 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. Book 对象（）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 527, 369, 582 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 527, 369, 537 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 527, 370, 537 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 527, 370, 537 ], "type": "text", "content": "含义：Book 是 Django 模型（Model）的一个实例，对应数据库中的一行记录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 542, 358, 552 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 542, 359, 553 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 545, 111, 548 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 542, 359, 553 ], "type": "text", "content": "作用：表示单个数据对象，可以访问其字段（如book.title、book.price）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 558, 143, 568 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 558, 145, 569 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 560, 112, 565 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.89 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 558, 145, 569 ], "type": "text", "content": "示例：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 573, 143, 582 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 573, 145, 583 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 576, 112, 580 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.804 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 573, 145, 583 ], "type": "text", "content": "特点：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 141, 588, 308, 614 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 588, 283, 598 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 588, 285, 599 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 588, 285, 599 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 是 TestModel.models.Book 类的实例。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 603, 308, 614 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 143, 605, 309, 615 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 143, 606, 151, 613 ], "type": "text", "content": "o", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 156, 605, 309, 615 ], "type": "text", "content": "可以直接修改并保存到数据库（book.save()）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 635, 304, 646 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 635, 305, 646 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 635, 305, 646 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. Book.objects（）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 651, 392, 692 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 651, 392, 661 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 651, 393, 662 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 651, 393, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "含义：objects 是 Django 模型的默认管理器（Manager），用于执行数据库查询操作。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 666, 355, 677 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 667, 356, 678 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 670, 111, 673 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 667, 356, 678 ], "type": "text", "content": "作用：提供查询方法（如 all(), filter(), get(), create()），用于操作数据库。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 682, 143, 692 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 682, 145, 692 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 685, 112, 689 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 682, 145, 692 ], "type": "text", "content": "示例：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 141, 698, 369, 740 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 41, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 698, 232, 708 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 697, 233, 708 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 697, 233, 708 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 是 Manager 类的实例。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 713, 355, 723 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 39, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 712, 356, 724 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 712, 356, 724 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 不直接返回数据，而是返回QuerySet（查询集）或单个Book。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 729, 369, 740 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 40, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 143, 728, 370, 740 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 143, 728, 370, 740 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 可以自定义管理器（如 class BookManager(models.Manager)）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 46 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 80, 283, 90 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 284, 91 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 79, 284, 91 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. QuerySet（）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 95, 418, 136 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 95, 418, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 95, 418, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 95, 418, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "含义：QuerySet 是 Django 查询数据库返回的结果集，可以包含0 个、1 个或多个Book 对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 388, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 111, 389, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 111, 389, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "作用：用于链式查询（如过滤、排序、聚合等），但不会立即执行查询（惰性加载）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 127, 143, 136 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 126, 145, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 129, 111, 133 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 123, 126, 145, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "示例：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 141, 142, 441, 183 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 142, 441, 152 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 141, 443, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 141, 443, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 是惰性的，只有在真正使用时（如遍历、list(queryset)、len(queryset)）才会查询数据库。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 158, 370, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 157, 371, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 157, 371, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 可以进一步过滤（filter()）、排序（order_by()）、切片（[:5]）等。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 174, 389, 183 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 172, 390, 185 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 172, 390, 185 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 如果只返回一个对象（如 get()），则返回 Book 对象，而不是 QuerySet。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 189, 242, 199 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 242, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 242, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 为什么 QuerySet 类型不变，但数据形式不同？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 205, 458, 215 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 117, 205, 459, 216 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 117, 205, 459, 216 ], "type": "text", "content": "QuerySet 是 Django 的惰性查询集，它只是生成 SQL 查询的容器，具体返回的数据形式由调用的方法决定：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 220, 272, 261 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 220, 230, 229 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 220, 231, 231 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 220, 231, 231 ], "type": "text", "content": "o all() → 返回模型实例。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 236, 230, 244 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 235, 230, 245 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 235, 230, 245 ], "type": "text", "content": "o values() → 返回字典。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 251, 272, 261 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 251, 273, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 251, 273, 262 ], "type": "text", "content": "o values_list() → 返回元组或单个值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 104, 267, 504, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 112, 266, 506, 278 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 112, 266, 506, 278 ], "type": "text", "content": "但 QuerySet 本身的类型始终是 django.db.models.query.QuerySet，因为它代表的是“查询能力”，而不是具体的数据", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 280, 145, 294 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 280, 145, 294 ], "type": "text", "content": "形式。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 313, 164, 323 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 166, 323 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 313, 166, 323 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 如何选择合适的方法？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 86, 335, 505, 498 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 335, 505, 498 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 335, 505, 498 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 335, 505, 498 ], "type": "table", "html": "
方法返回的数据形式适用场景
all()QuerySet[Model 实例]需要完整模型对象（如调用 save()、访问关联字段）
values("field1", "field2")QuerySet[dict]只需要部分字段，且希望用字段名访问
values_list("field1", "field2")QuerySet[tuple]只需要字段值，不关心字段名
values_list("field", flat=True)QuerySet[单值]只需要一个字段的列表（如 [1, 2, 3])
", "image_path": "325e9eead8dd4eb708f6b6ae0407571b2100f9723cb4103acdda3536fd974f7f.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 17, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 17 }, { "bbox": [ 86, 500, 505, 527 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 506, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 136, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "是的！authors", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 137, 502, 144, 508 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.7 }, { "bbox": [ 145, 501, 506, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.ManyToManyField(\"Author\") 这一行代码会自动创建一个中间表（关联表）来存储多对多关系，但不会直", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 517, 267, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 517, 267, 526 ], "type": "text", "content": "接修改Author 表或当前模型表的结构。以下是详细解释：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 547, 154, 556 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 154, 557 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 548, 154, 557 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 自动创建的中间表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 562, 505, 587 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 505, 572 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 505, 572 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 会为你生成一个名为<当前模型表名>_authors 的中间表（例如，如果当前模型是 Book，则表名为book_authors），其结构", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 577, 109, 589 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 577, 109, 589 ], "type": "text", "content": "如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "code", "bbox": [ 87, 594, 299, 682 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 594, 299, 682 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 594, 299, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 594, 299, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "CREATE TABLE book_authors (\nid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, -- SQLite 示例\nbook_id INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 外键指向Book表\nauthor_id INTEGER NOT NULL, -- 外键指向Author表\nFOREIGN KEY (book_id) REFERENCES book(id),\nFOREIGN KEY (author_id) REFERENCES author(id)" } ] } ], "index": 21, "angle": 0, "type": "code_body" } ], "index": 21, "sub_type": "code", "guess_lang": "sql" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 688, 95, 697 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 95, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 687, 95, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": ");", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 703, 394, 729 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 703, 362, 713 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 703, 363, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 706, 111, 708 ], "type": "text", "content": "一", "score": 0.54 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 703, 363, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "这个表只有 3 个字段：id（主键）、book_id（外键）、author_id（外键）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 719, 394, 729 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 719, 395, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 719, 395, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "你不需要手动定义这个表，Django 在运行makemigrations 和migrate 时会自动创建。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 734, 127, 744 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 126, 744 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 126, 744 ], "type": "text", "content": "5. 注意事项", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 750, 157, 759 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 750, 157, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 750, 157, 760 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 表名规则：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 47 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 79, 401, 105 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 79, 401, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 79, 402, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 79, 323, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 自动生成的中间表名格式：<当前模型表名>_<字段名", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 324, 81, 330, 89 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": ">", "score": 0.74 }, { "bbox": [ 330, 79, 402, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "（如 book_authors）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 95, 375, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 95, 376, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 95, 376, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 如果当前模型表名是 app_book，则中间表名为 app_book_authors。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 157, 121 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 158, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 158, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. 迁移顺序：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 126, 324, 136 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 126, 324, 136 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 142, 126, 324, 136 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 确保Author 模型已正确定义并先迁移，否则会报错。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 142, 171, 152 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 142, 171, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 142, 171, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 数据库一致性：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 141, 158, 396, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 157, 398, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 157, 398, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "o 不要手动修改中间表，始终通过 Django ORM 操作（如 add()、remove()）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 189, 104, 199 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 105, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 105, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "总结", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 212, 195, 222 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 211, 196, 223 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 211, 105, 223 ], "type": "text", "content": "行为", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 177, 211, 196, 223 ], "type": "text", "content": "结果", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 243, 254, 253 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 254, 254 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 243, 167, 254 ], "type": "text", "content": "定义 ManyToManyField", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 177, 243, 254, 253 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 自动创建中间表", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 274, 294, 285 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 275, 294, 285 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 275, 139, 285 ], "type": "text", "content": "默认中间表字段", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 178, 275, 294, 285 ], "type": "text", "content": "id、<当前模型>_id、<关联模型>_id", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 306, 271, 316 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 305, 271, 316 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 305, 132, 316 ], "type": "text", "content": "自定义中间表", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 306, 271, 316 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用 through= 参数指定模型", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 336, 301, 347 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 336, 301, 348 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 336, 119, 347 ], "type": "text", "content": "操作关系", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 179, 336, 301, 348 ], "type": "text", "content": "通过 add()、remove()、clear() 等方法", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 360, 265, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 267, 371 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 267, 371 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 Django 中，当你定义一个 ForeignKey 字段时，例如：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 376, 111, 386 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 113, 385 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 376, 113, 385 ], "type": "text", "content": "python", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 104, 401 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 105, 402 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 105, 402 ], "type": "text", "content": "复制", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 104, 416 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 105, 417 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 105, 417 ], "type": "text", "content": "下载", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 423, 310, 432 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 311, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 422, 111, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "publish", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 112, 424, 119, 430 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.71 }, { "bbox": [ 119, 422, 311, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "models.ForeignKey(\"Publish\", on_delete=models.CASCADE)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 438, 474, 448 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 475, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 437, 475, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 实际上会在数据库中创建一个名为publish_id 的列，而不是publish。这是由 Django 的设计机制决定的，原因如下：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 469, 236, 479 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 236, 480 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 236, 480 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 为什么字段名是 publish_id 而不是 publish？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 485, 171, 494 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 171, 495 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 486, 171, 495 ], "type": "text", "content": "(1) 数据库层面的外键存储", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 500, 504, 571 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 500, 454, 510 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 501, 455, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 503, 111, 506 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 501, 455, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "在关系型数据库（如 MySQL、PostgreSQL、SQLite）中，外键关系是通过存储目标表的主键值来实现的。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 516, 487, 526 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 516, 488, 527 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 518, 111, 522 ], "type": "text", "content": ".", "score": 0.751 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 516, 488, 527 ], "type": "text", "content": "例如，如果 Publish 表的主键是 id，那么 Book 表会有一个 publish_id 列，存储的是 Publish 表中某条记录的 id 值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 532, 214, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 532, 215, 542 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 532, 215, 542 ], "type": "text", "content": "1. 为什么列名不同也能关联？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 547, 504, 571 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 548, 505, 556 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 548, 505, 556 ], "type": "text", "content": "在关系型数据库（如 MySQL、PostgreSQL、SQLite）中，外键关联的本质是值匹配，而不是列名匹配。只要满足以下条件", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 562, 145, 573 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 562, 145, 573 ], "type": "text", "content": "即可：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 105, 578, 113, 586 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 594, 167, 604 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 593, 168, 604 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 593, 168, 604 ], "type": "text", "content": "(2) Django 的 ORM 抽象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 609, 506, 650 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 609, 506, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 610, 508, 620 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 613, 111, 616 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 610, 508, 620 ], "type": "text", "content": "虽然数据库列名是publish_id，但 Django 在Python 模型层面提供了一个名为publish 的属性，用于方便地访问关联对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 625, 376, 635 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 625, 377, 635 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 625, 377, 635 ], "type": "text", "content": "当你访问 book.publish 时，Django 会自动执行查询，获取对应的 Publish 对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 640, 383, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 640, 384, 650 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 640, 384, 650 ], "type": "text", "content": "而 book.publish_id 则直接返回数据库中存储的原始外键值（即 Publish 表的 id）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 87, 656, 183, 666 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 656, 184, 666 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 656, 184, 666 ], "type": "text", "content": "2. Django 如何实现这种关联？", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 92, 672, 143, 682 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 671, 143, 682 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 93, 671, 143, 682 ], "type": "text", "content": "（1）数据库层面", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 687, 282, 697 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 687, 283, 698 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 687, 283, 698 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 生成的 SQL 会明确指定外键关联的目标列：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 99, 712 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 101, 714 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 703, 101, 714 ], "type": "text", "content": "sql", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 104, 728 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 105, 729 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 719, 105, 729 ], "type": "text", "content": "复制", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 735, 104, 743 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 105, 745 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 734, 105, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "下载", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 750, 260, 759 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 749, 261, 760 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 749, 261, 760 ], "type": "text", "content": "FOREIGN KEY (publish_id) REFERENCES Publish(id)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 48 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 80, 278, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 279, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 81, 279, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "这里显式声明了 publish_id 关联到 Publish.id，与列名无关。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 92, 95, 141, 105 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 92, 95, 142, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 92, 95, 142, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "（2）ORM 层面", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 111, 326, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 111, 327, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 111, 327, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "当你访问 book.publish 时，Django 会自动执行类似以下的查询：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 126, 264, 137 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 264, 137 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 126, 204, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "SELECT * FROM Publish WHERE id", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 205, 128, 211, 135 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.58 }, { "bbox": [ 212, 126, 264, 137 ], "type": "text", "content": "book.publish_id;", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 142, 237, 153 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 238, 153 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 238, 153 ], "type": "text", "content": "通过 publish_id 的值找到对应的 Publish 记录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 160, 140, 169 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 160, 140, 169 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 160, 140, 169 ], "type": "text", "content": "3. 核心区别对比", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "table", "bbox": [ 86, 182, 418, 374 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 182, 418, 374 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 182, 418, 374 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 182, 418, 374 ], "type": "table", "html": "
特性.add().create()
作用关联已存在的对象创建新对象并关联
是否创建新对象□否□是
适用关系类型ManyToManyField, ForeignKeyManyToManyField, ForeignKey的反向查询
参数类型对象或ID新对象的字段键值对
返回值无新创建的对象
", "image_path": "253ad5b303793ce0d4769c6b4c028e01ed1cc3015c9f13cf55d54a3c3ee543c6.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 6, "angle": 0, "type": "table_body" } ], "index": 6 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 405, 298, 433 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 401, 302, 435 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 85, 401, 302, 435 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django Form 组件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 444, 458, 454 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 444, 460, 455 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 444, 460, 455 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django Form 组件用于对页面进行初始化，生成 HTML 标签，此外还可以对用户提交的数据进行校验（显示错误信息）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 476, 149, 485 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 476, 149, 486 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 476, 149, 486 ], "type": "text", "content": "报错信息显示顺序：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 507, 289, 516 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 507, 289, 516 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 507, 289, 516 ], "type": "text", "content": "先显示字段属性中的错误信息，然后再显示局部钩子的错误信息。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 523, 289, 532 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 523, 289, 532 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 523, 289, 532 ], "type": "text", "content": "若显示了字段属性的错误信息，就不会显示局部钩子的错误信息。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 538, 428, 548 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 539, 429, 548 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 539, 429, 548 ], "type": "text", "content": "若有全局钩子，则全局钩子是等所有的数据都校验完，才开始进行校验，并且全局钩子的错误信息一定会显示。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 565, 432, 593 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 560, 436, 596 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 560, 436, 596 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 用户认证（Auth）组件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 605, 467, 615 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 605, 468, 616 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 605, 468, 616 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 用户认证（Auth）组件一般用在用户的登录注册上，用于判断当前的用户是否合法，并跳转到登陆成功或失败页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 621, 246, 630 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 620, 246, 631 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 620, 246, 631 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 用户认证（Auth）组件需要导入 auth 模块:", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 637, 124, 645 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 637, 124, 646 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 637, 124, 646 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 认证模块", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 652, 186, 661 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 652, 188, 662 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 652, 188, 662 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import auth", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 683, 131, 692 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 684, 131, 692 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 684, 131, 692 ], "type": "text", "content": "# 对应数据库", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 699, 228, 708 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 699, 229, 708 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 699, 229, 708 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib.auth.models import User", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 714, 149, 724 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 715, 149, 724 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 715, 149, 724 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值是用户对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 730, 170, 740 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 730, 171, 740 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 730, 171, 740 ], "type": "text", "content": "创建用户对象的三种方法：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 745, 266, 755 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 745, 267, 756 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 749, 110, 751 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 745, 267, 756 ], "type": "text", "content": "create()：创建一个普通用户，密码是明文的。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 49 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 80, 393, 105 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 80, 285, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 80, 285, 90 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 80, 285, 90 ], "type": "text", "content": "create_user()：创建一个普通用户，密码是密文的。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 96, 393, 105 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 96, 395, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 96, 395, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": "create_superuser()：创建一个超级用户，密码是密文的，要多传一个邮箱email 参数。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 370, 121 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 371, 121 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 111, 371, 121 ], "type": "text", "content": "验证用户的用户名和密码使用 authenticate() 方法，从需要auth_user 表中过滤出用户对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 135, 153 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 142, 136, 152 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 142, 136, 152 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要导入：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 187, 184 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 188, 184 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 174, 188, 184 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import auth", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 190, 107, 198 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 108, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 108, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "参数：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 221, 149, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 149, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 149, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "username：用户名", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 237, 141, 245 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 236, 142, 246 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 236, 142, 246 ], "type": "text", "content": "password：密码", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 252, 279, 261 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 252, 279, 262 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 252, 279, 262 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：如果验证成功，就返回用户对象，反之，返回 None。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 267, 286, 276 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 267, 287, 277 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 267, 287, 277 ], "type": "text", "content": "给验证成功的用户加 session，将 request.user 赋值为用户对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 158, 292 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 158, 293 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 283, 158, 293 ], "type": "text", "content": "登陆使用 login() 方法。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 299, 135, 307 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 299, 136, 308 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 299, 136, 308 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要导入：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 314, 186, 323 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 188, 324 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 314, 188, 324 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import auth", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 330, 107, 338 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 108, 340 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 329, 108, 340 ], "type": "text", "content": "参数：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 345, 185, 354 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 345, 185, 355 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 348, 111, 350 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 345, 185, 355 ], "type": "text", "content": "request：用户对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 360, 357, 370 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 360, 358, 370 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 360, 358, 370 ], "type": "text", "content": "注销用户使用 logout() 方法，需要清空 session 信息，将 request.user 赋值为匿名用户。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 376, 135, 386 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 376, 136, 386 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 376, 136, 386 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要导入：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 392, 187, 401 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 392, 188, 401 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 392, 188, 401 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib import auth", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 408, 107, 416 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 108, 418 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 407, 108, 418 ], "type": "text", "content": "参数：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 423, 185, 433 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 423, 185, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 423, 185, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "request：用户对象", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 439, 135, 448 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 438, 136, 449 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 438, 136, 449 ], "type": "text", "content": "返回值：None", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 454, 281, 463 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 282, 464 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 282, 464 ], "type": "text", "content": "设置装饰器，给需要登录成功后才能访问的页面统一加装饰器。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 470, 135, 479 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 136, 480 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 470, 136, 480 ], "type": "text", "content": "使用前要导入：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 486, 268, 495 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 269, 496 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 269, 496 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 502, 104, 510 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 105, 511 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 105, 511 ], "type": "text", "content": "实例", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 517, 326, 526 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 516, 326, 526 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 516, 273, 526 ], "type": "text", "content": "from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 273, 518, 280, 525 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "@", "score": 0.51 }, { "bbox": [ 281, 516, 326, 526 ], "type": "text", "content": "login_required", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 533, 149, 541 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 531, 150, 543 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 531, 150, 543 ], "type": "text", "content": "def index(request):", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 91, 549, 223, 557 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 92, 547, 224, 559 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 92, 547, 224, 559 ], "type": "text", "content": "return HttpResponse(\"index 页面。。。\")", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 564, 246, 572 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 248, 573 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 563, 248, 573 ], "type": "text", "content": "设置从哪个页面访问，登录成功后就返回哪个页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 579, 107, 588 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 108, 590 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 578, 108, 590 ], "type": "text", "content": "解析：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 595, 333, 603 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 595, 334, 604 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 595, 334, 604 ], "type": "text", "content": "django 在用户访问页面时，如果用户是未登录的状态，就给用户返回登录页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 610, 304, 619 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 610, 305, 620 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 610, 305, 620 ], "type": "text", "content": "此时，该登录页面的 URL 后面有参数：next=用户访问的页面的 URL。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 626, 281, 635 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 626, 281, 635 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 626, 281, 635 ], "type": "text", "content": "因此，设置在用户登录成功后重定向的 URL 为 next 参数的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 641, 482, 650 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 641, 483, 651 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 641, 483, 651 ], "type": "text", "content": "但是，若用户一开始就输入登录页面 logi，request.GET.get(\"next\") 就取不到值，所以在后面加or，可以设置自定义返回的页面。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 669, 384, 697 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 84, 664, 389, 699 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 84, 664, 389, 699 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django cookie 与 session", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 708, 306, 718 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 709, 306, 718 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 709, 306, 718 ], "type": "text", "content": "Cookie 是存储在客户端计算机上的文本文件，并保留了各种跟踪信息。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 724, 177, 734 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 725, 177, 733 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 725, 177, 733 ], "type": "text", "content": "识别返回用户包括三个步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 740, 348, 749 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 38, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 740, 348, 749 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 742, 111, 745 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 740, 348, 749 ], "type": "text", "content": "服务器脚本向浏览器发送一组Cookie。例如：姓名、年龄或识别号码等。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 50 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 80, 504, 120 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 80, 297, 89 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 80, 297, 89 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 83, 111, 86 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 80, 297, 89 ], "type": "text", "content": "浏览器将这些信息存储在本地计算机上，以备将来使用。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 95, 504, 120 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 96, 506, 105 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 99, 111, 102 ], "type": "text", "content": "", "score": 0.0 }, { "bbox": [ 124, 96, 506, 105 ], "type": "text", "content": "当下一次浏览器向 Web 服务器发送任何请求时，浏览器会把这些 Cookie 信息发送到服务器，服务器将使用这些信息来识别", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 111, 145, 122 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 111, 145, 122 ], "type": "text", "content": "用户。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 126, 504, 152 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 504, 136 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 127, 504, 136 ], "type": "text", "content": "HTTP 是一种\"无状态\"协议，这意味着每次客户端检索网页时，客户端打开一个单独的连接到 Web 服务器，服务器会自动不保留之前客", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 143, 157, 152 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 143, 157, 152 ], "type": "text", "content": "户端请求的任何记录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 158, 337, 168 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 158, 337, 168 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 158, 337, 168 ], "type": "text", "content": "但是仍然有以下三种方式来维持 Web 客户端和 Web 服务器之间的 session 会话：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 174, 117, 182 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 173, 119, 183 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 173, 119, 183 ], "type": "text", "content": "Cookies", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 189, 503, 214 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 505, 200 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 188, 505, 200 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个 Web 服务器可以分配一个唯一的 session 会话 ID 作为每个 Web 客户端的 cookie，对于客户端的后续请求可以使用接收到的", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 206, 138, 215 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 206, 138, 215 ], "type": "text", "content": "cookie 来识别。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 220, 336, 230 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 336, 230 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 221, 336, 230 ], "type": "text", "content": "在 Web 开发中，使用 session 来完成会话跟踪，session 底层依赖 Cookie 技术。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 88, 232, 390, 384 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 390, 384 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 390, 384 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 232, 390, 384 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "9a48075248f18fba9020fddb11e4edfdde6582563e4eadd68f5b3ee2169d2f8d.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 8, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 8 }, { "bbox": [ 86, 391, 227, 403 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 229, 404 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 391, 229, 404 ], "type": "text", "content": "Session(保存在服务端的键值对)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 406, 509, 466 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 498, 419 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 498, 419 ], "type": "text", "content": "服务器在运行时可以为每一个用户的浏览器创建一个其独享的 session 对象，由于 session 为用", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 423, 510, 433 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 423, 510, 433 ], "type": "text", "content": "户浏览器独享，所以用户在访问服务器的 web 资源时，可以把各自的数据放在各自的 session 中，", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 438, 496, 450 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 438, 496, 450 ], "type": "text", "content": "当用户再去访问该服务器中的其它web 资源时，其它web 资源再从用户各自的 session 中取出", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 165, 466 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 454, 165, 466 ], "type": "text", "content": "数据为用户服务。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 91, 480, 477, 736 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 91, 480, 477, 736 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 91, 480, 477, 736 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 91, 480, 477, 736 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "13016cbec949f6ef478321a5634a2c0188ff9b392a433e44d44ca4da2df9e845.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 11, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 11 }, { "bbox": [ 88, 749, 130, 761 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 749, 130, 763 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 749, 130, 763 ], "type": "text", "content": "工作原理", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 51 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 79, 502, 138 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 79, 303, 92 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 0, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 115, 77, 304, 95 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 115, 77, 304, 95 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 浏览器第一次请求获取登录页面 login。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 95, 502, 123 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 95, 502, 106 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 95, 502, 106 ], "type": "text", "content": " b. 浏览器输入账号密码第二次请求，若输入正确，服务器响应浏览器一个 index 页面和", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 109, 500, 124 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 109, 500, 124 ], "type": "text", "content": "一个键为 sessionid，值为随机字符串的 cookie，即 set_cookie (\"sessionid\",随机字符串)。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 126, 343, 138 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 109, 126, 344, 140 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 109, 126, 344, 140 ], "type": "text", "content": " c. 服务器内部在 django.session 表中记录一条数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 142, 226, 154 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 226, 155 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 142, 226, 155 ], "type": "text", "content": "django.session 表中有三个字段。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 140, 157, 502, 232 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 140, 157, 502, 185 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 140, 156, 503, 170 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 140, 156, 503, 170 ], "type": "text", "content": "o session_key：存的是随机字符串，即响应给浏览器的 cookie 的 sessionid 键对应", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 158, 171, 189, 187 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 158, 171, 189, 187 ], "type": "text", "content": "的值。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 140, 188, 501, 216 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 188, 503, 203 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 188, 503, 203 ], "type": "text", "content": "o session_data：存的是用户的信息，即多个 request.session[\"key\"]=value，且是密", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 158, 203, 179, 218 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 158, 203, 179, 218 ], "type": "text", "content": "文。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 140, 219, 397, 232 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 219, 397, 233 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 141, 219, 397, 233 ], "type": "text", "content": "o expire_date：存的是该条记录的过期时间（默认 14 天）", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 104, 235, 492, 264 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 236, 479, 247 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 236, 479, 247 ], "type": "text", "content": " d. 浏览器第三次请求其他资源时，携带cookie :{sessionid:随机字符串}，服务器从", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 123, 250, 493, 264 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 123, 250, 493, 264 ], "type": "text", "content": "django.session 表中根据该随机字符串取出该用户的数据，供其使用（即保存状态）。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 266, 501, 294 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 265, 501, 280 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 265, 501, 280 ], "type": "text", "content": "注意: django.session 表中保存的是浏览器的信息，而不是每一个用户的信息。 因此， 同一浏览", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 282, 457, 295 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 282, 457, 295 ], "type": "text", "content": "器多个用户请求只保存一条记录（后面覆盖前面）,多个浏览器请求才保存多条记录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 297, 498, 341 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 297, 499, 310 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 297, 499, 310 ], "type": "text", "content": "cookie 弥补了 http 无状态的不足，让服务器知道来的人是\"谁\"，但是 cookie 以文本的形式保存", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 314, 496, 325 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 314, 496, 325 ], "type": "text", "content": "在浏览器端，安全性较差，且最大只支持 4096 字节，所以只通过 cookie 识别不同的用户，然", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 383, 342 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 329, 383, 342 ], "type": "text", "content": "后，在对应的 session 里保存私密的信息以及超过 4096 字节的文本。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 344, 145, 356 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 344, 148, 357 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 344, 148, 357 ], "type": "text", "content": "session 设置：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 359, 212, 372 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 13, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 213, 374 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 359, 179, 374 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.session[\"key\"]", "score": 1.0 }, { "bbox": [ 180, 362, 188, 370 ], "type": "inline_equation", "content": "=", "score": 0.77 }, { "bbox": [ 189, 359, 213, 374 ], "type": "text", "content": "value", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 375, 135, 387 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 14, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 136, 389 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 375, 136, 389 ], "type": "text", "content": "执行步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 391, 498, 450 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 18, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 391, 205, 403 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 15, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 121, 391, 206, 404 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 121, 391, 206, 404 ], "type": "text", "content": "a. 生成随机字符串", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 407, 498, 434 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 16, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 406, 499, 421 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 406, 499, 421 ], "type": "text", "content": " b. 把随机字符串和设置的键值对保存到 django_session 表的 session_key 和 session_data", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 124, 421, 138, 436 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 124, 421, 138, 436 ], "type": "text", "content": "里", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 438, 409, 450 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 17, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 438, 409, 452 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 438, 409, 452 ], "type": "text", "content": " c. 设置 cookie：set_cookie(\"sessionid\",随机字符串) 响应给浏览器", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 454, 145, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 19, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 452, 148, 466 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 452, 148, 466 ], "type": "text", "content": "session 获取：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 469, 190, 481 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 20, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 467, 191, 484 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 467, 191, 484 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.session.get('key')", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 484, 135, 497 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 21, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 484, 136, 498 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 484, 136, 498 ], "type": "text", "content": "执行步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 500, 352, 544 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 25, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 500, 352, 512 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 22, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 499, 354, 513 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 108, 499, 354, 513 ], "type": "text", "content": " a. 从 cookie 中获取 sessionid 键的值，即随机字符串。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 515, 346, 528 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 23, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 515, 347, 529 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 515, 347, 529 ], "type": "text", "content": " b. 根据随机字符串从 django_session 表过滤出记录。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 531, 264, 544 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 24, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 530, 266, 545 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 530, 266, 545 ], "type": "text", "content": " c. 取出 session_data 字段的数据。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 546, 465, 560 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 26, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 545, 468, 560 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 545, 468, 560 ], "type": "text", "content": "session 删除，删除整条记录（包括 session_key、session_data、expire_date 三个字段）：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 562, 179, 575 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 27, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 181, 577 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 560, 181, 577 ], "type": "text", "content": "request.session.flush()", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 577, 259, 591 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 28, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 577, 261, 591 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 577, 261, 591 ], "type": "text", "content": "删除 session_data 里的其中一组键值对：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 593, 194, 606 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 29, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 592, 196, 608 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 592, 196, 608 ], "type": "text", "content": "del request.session[\"key\"]", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 608, 135, 621 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 30, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 608, 136, 622 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 608, 136, 622 ], "type": "text", "content": "执行步骤：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 624, 348, 667 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 34, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 104, 624, 348, 637 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 31, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 624, 349, 637 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 624, 349, 637 ], "type": "text", "content": " a. 从 cookie 中获取 sessionid 键的值，即随机字符串", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 104, 640, 342, 652 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 32, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 640, 342, 654 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 640, 342, 654 ], "type": "text", "content": " b. 根据随机字符串从 django_session 表过滤出记录", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 655, 226, 667 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 33, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 655, 226, 668 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 110, 655, 226, 668 ], "type": "text", "content": " c. 删除过滤出来的记录", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 671, 154, 684 ], "type": "title", "angle": 0, "index": 35, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 155, 685 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 671, 155, 685 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 中间件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 687, 499, 715 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 36, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 686, 501, 702 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 686, 501, 702 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 中间件是修改 Django request 或者 response 对象的钩子，可以理解为是介于 HttpRequest", "score": 1.0 } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 702, 276, 715 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 702, 276, 715 ], "type": "text", "content": "与 HttpResponse 处理之间的一道处理过程。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 718, 476, 731 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 37, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 718, 476, 731 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 718, 476, 731 ], "type": "text", "content": "浏览器从请求到响应的过程中，Django 需要通过很多中间件来处理，可以看如下图所示：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 52 }, { "para_blocks": [ { "type": "image", "bbox": [ 88, 80, 485, 306 ], "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 485, 306 ], "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 485, 306 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 80, 485, 306 ], "type": "image", "image_path": "eff2575789a078e5215193fc6d91fb3d590196cf4b9a4bc9c76cfb08807856a7.jpg" } ] } ], "index": 0, "angle": 0, "type": "image_body" } ], "index": 0 }, { "bbox": [ 87, 328, 176, 341 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 1, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 328, 179, 342 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 328, 179, 342 ], "type": "text", "content": "Django 中间件作用：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 344, 339, 373 ], "type": "list", "angle": 0, "index": 4, "blocks": [ { "bbox": [ 105, 344, 339, 358 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 2, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 342, 340, 359 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 106, 342, 340, 359 ], "type": "text", "content": " 修改请求，即传送到 view 中的 HttpRequest 对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 105, 360, 325, 373 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 3, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 358, 326, 375 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 107, 358, 326, 375 ], "type": "text", "content": " 修改响应，即 view 返回的 HttpResponse 对象。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "sub_type": "text" }, { "bbox": [ 86, 375, 375, 388 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 5, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 374, 376, 389 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 88, 374, 376, 389 ], "type": "text", "content": "中间件组件配置在 settings.py 文件的 MIDDLEWARE 选项列表中。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 391, 343, 403 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 6, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 391, 344, 404 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 391, 344, 404 ], "type": "text", "content": "配置中的每个字符串选项都是一个类，也就是一个中间件。", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 406, 151, 418 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 7, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 151, 421 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 407, 151, 421 ], "type": "text", "content": "自定义中间件", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 422, 244, 434 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 8, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 422, 246, 435 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 89, 422, 246, 435 ], "type": "text", "content": "中间件可以定义四个方法，分别是：", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 86, 454, 207, 465 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 9, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 454, 207, 469 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 454, 207, 469 ], "type": "text", "content": "process_request(self,request)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 87, 469, 351, 481 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 10, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 468, 352, 483 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 468, 352, 483 ], "type": "text", "content": "process_view(self, request, view_func, view_args, view_kwargs)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 485, 262, 497 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 11, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 483, 264, 500 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 86, 483, 264, 500 ], "type": "text", "content": "process_exception(self, request, exception)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] }, { "bbox": [ 88, 501, 255, 513 ], "type": "text", "angle": 0, "index": 12, "lines": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 499, 257, 517 ], "spans": [ { "bbox": [ 87, 499, 257, 517 ], "type": "text", "content": "process_response(self, request, response)", "score": 1.0 } ] } ] } ], "discarded_blocks": [], "page_size": [ 595, 841 ], "page_idx": 53 } ], "_backend": "hybrid", "_ocr_enable": false, "_vlm_ocr_enable": false, "_version_name": "2.7.5" }